运用实例提高生物统计学教学效果的探索与思考  

Application of Sampling Statistical Examples in Biostatistics Teaching

作　　者：苏志豪 卓立 SU Zhihao;ZHUO Li

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学生命科学学院、新疆特殊环境物种保护与调控生物学实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《科教文汇》2023年第5期71-76,共6页Journal of Science and Education

基　　金：新疆师范大学博士科研启动基金项目(XJNUBS2209);新疆师范大学新疆特殊环境物种保护与调控生物学实验室招标课题(XJDX1414-2022-01)。

摘　　要：生物统计学课程涉及的概念多且容易混淆,数学公式多且计算复杂,是大学生物科学专业较难掌握的一门课程。因此,在生物统计学教学过程中有必要简化理论,同时突出实践运用。如何结合范例和实践进行教学,加深学生对理论知识的理解并提高其统计分析的动手能力,是生物统计学教学重点和难点所在。文章根据教学实践,分析了抽样分布实例在验证中心极限定理、抽样分布定理、无偏估计相关理论教学过程中的作用,用SPSS软件展示了科研实例数据的单因素方差分析过程。用实例验证基础理论知识,能够深入浅出地化解理论知识难点,使基础知识难点变得容易掌握,加深学生对理论知识的理解;用统计软件分析科研实例数据,能激发学生学习兴趣,锻炼学生动手能力。生物统计学课堂注重实例教学,用软件分析科研实例数据,是提高教学效果的重要手段,是课堂理论教学的重要补充和拓展。Biostatistics is a difficult course due to its many concepts easy to confuse and many mathematical for⁃mulas complicated to calculate.Simplifying the theory and highlighting the practice is very important for under⁃graduate students of biological majors in teaching process.How to combine example and practice within Biostatis⁃tics teaching to deepen students’understanding of theoretical knowledge and improve their practical ability of sta⁃tistical analysis is an important and difficult point.Based on their own teaching practice,the writers analyzed the role of sampling distribution examples in verifying the central limit theorem,sampling distribution theorem and unbiased estimation.With research data,the writers showed the process of one-way ANOVA analysis performed in SPSS software.Using examples to verify the basic theoretical knowledge can simplify the theoretical knowledge and make it easy to master.Using statistical software to analyze research data can stimulate students’interest in learning and exercise their practical ability.Combining verified case with analysis of research data using statistic software in Biostatistics class,is an important means to improve the teaching effect and an important supplement and expansion of theoretical teaching.

关 键 词：生物统计学 实例 抽样分布 中心极限定理 无偏估计 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]