金属-多孔有机分子笼纳米复合物的研究进展  

Research Progress in Metal-Porous Organic Cage Nanocomposites

作　　者：陈嘉麟 马郅蘅 李禹沣 曹思炜 庄强[1,2] Chen Jialin;Ma Zhiheng;Li Yufeng;Cao Siwei;Zhuang Qiang(Northwestern Polytechnical University,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xi’an 710072;Northwestern Polytechnical University,Queen Mary University of London Engineering School,Xi’an 710072)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学化学与化工学院,西安710072 [2]西北工业大学伦敦玛丽女王大学工程学院,西安710072

出　　处：《有机化学》2023年第1期120-129,共10页Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry

摘　　要：多孔有机分子笼(POC)是一类具有固定腔隙的离散分子,因其稳定的孔隙结构、较高的比表面积和良好的可溶性,正成为一类可用于容纳特定大小的分子或离子的新兴功能性材料.除此之外,该类材料中稳定存在的开放孔隙结构,使其在气体分离与储存、传感器件、药物运输等领域具有广泛的应用,已逐渐成为国内外研究的热点.目前,多孔有机分子笼存在能与金属结合的位点,并具有空间限域效应,能有效防止金属纳米颗粒的团聚,故常被用于特定尺寸金属纳米颗粒的制备,从而形成金属-多孔有机分子笼纳米复合材料.多孔有机分子笼不仅可调控金属纳米粒子的大小,还可通过多孔笼体结构的保护,在不影响其原子表面可及率的条件下,稳定其微纳结构.相比于传统金属纳米催化剂,金属-多孔有机分子笼纳米复合物不仅具有更优越的稳定性,还可提供更多的催化活性位点.总结了近年来金属-多孔有机分子笼复合领域的研究成果,以及其应用领域的重要进展,为金属-多孔有机分子笼纳米复合物在催化、传感、医学等方面的后续研究提供启示.Porous organic molecular cage(POC)is a kind of discrete molecule with specific sized cavities.Due to stable pore structure,high specific surface area,and good solubility,POC is emerging as a promising multi-functional material by accepting specific-sized molecules or ions within the cavity.In addition,derived from the stable and open pores,POCs can be utilized to a variety of applications,such as gas separation and storage,sensors,drug delivery,and so on,which is becoming a research hotspot at home and abroad.At present,given to the strong binding sites with metal nanoparticles(MNPs)and spatial confinement effect within the cage,POCs provide a new and stable way to protect metal nanoparticles from aggregation.Therefore,POCs are often used to prepare the metal nanoparticles of specific size,forming the metal-porous organic cage nanocomposites.The advantage of POCs in the metal-POCs nanocomposite is not only to regulate the size of metal nanoparticles but also to stabilize the micro/nanostructures without affecting the surface accessibility of active atoms within cages.Compared with traditional method to stabilize catalytic nanoparticles,MNPs-POCs composite has better stability and more active catalytic centers.The recent research achievements in MNPs-POCs nanocomposites and their important applications are summarized in this review,which is expected to inspire the further application in catalysis,sensors,medicine,etc.

关 键 词：多孔有机分子笼 金属纳米颗粒 纳米复合结构 原子可及率 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] O641.4[理学—物理化学]