智慧司法建设中情态证据的应用与合法性审查研究  

On Application and Legitimacy Review of Demeanor Evidence in the Construction of Intelligent Judicature

作　　者：张梦星[1] Zhang Mengxing(College of Investigation,People’s Public Security University of China,Beijing 100084)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学侦查学院,北京100038

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2023年第2期114-123,共10页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2022年中国人民公安大学基本科研业务费项目“情态证据侦查应用的科学原理和风险防控研究”(项目编号:2022JKF02052);2022年北京市社会科学基金项目“过程性监督视域下刑事涉案虚拟财产强制处分研究”(项目编号:22FXC024)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：情态证据是对某种刺激下被观察者适应性整体反应的记录,可借助现代科技予以量化分析。对情态证据的技术基础、法律基础进行考察,分析智慧司法实践中情态证据的应用现状,可发现实践中存在对情态证据认知与运用的矛盾。正确运用情态证据能够实现智慧司法的诉讼真实价值与人权保障理念,推动智慧司法建设,反之则会造成社会伦理冲突、权利侵犯与结论错误。因此,应从观察主体、启动方式、观察方式、保存程序及呈现形式、庭审调查等方面对情态证据建立“准证据”的合法性审查,同时明确可能产生的瑕疵证据及补正情况,但不宜建立“毒树之果”规则。Demeanor evidence is a record of the overall adaptive response of the observed subject to a certain stimulus,which can be quantitatively analyzed with the help of modern technology.By reviewing the technical and legal basis of demeanor evidence,and analyzing the application status of demeanor evidence in intelligent justice practice,it can be found that there is a contradiction between the cognition and application of demeanor evidence in practice.The correct application of demeanor evidence can realize the true value of litigation and the concept of human rights protection of intelligent justice,and promote the construction of intelligent Judicature.Otherwise,it will cause social ethics conflicts,rights violations and wrong conclusions.Therefore,the legitimacy review of“quasi evidence”for demeanor evidence shall be established in terms of observers,ways of initiating investigations,ways of observation,preservation procedures,forms of presentation,court investigation and other aspects,and at the same time,the defective evidence that may arise and conditions for supplementation or correction shall be identified.However,it is inappropriate to establish rules for“the fruit of the poisonous tree”.

关 键 词：情态证据 智慧司法 合法性 审查规则 

分 类 号：D925[政治法律—诉讼法学]