《尚书》所见的西周初期的司法建构  

Judicial Construction in the Early Western Zhou Dynasty as Seen in Shangshu

作　　者：程政举 Cheng Zhengju(School of Law,Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou,Henan 450046)

机构地区：[1]河南财经政法大学刑事司法学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2023年第2期147-155,共9页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2018年司法部国家法治与法学理论研究重点课题“先秦自然法思想研究”(项目编号:18SFB1006);2019年河南省高校哲学社会科学基础研究重大项目“我国古今司法裁判比较研究”(项目编号:2019-JCZD-001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：士、准人、准夫、正、司寇是西周初期司法官的称谓,反映了司法审判追求公平、公正,敬畏天道的价值理念。司法官应具有良善、理性的品格特质,司法官职业有一定的稳定性,非有违反法律和教化情形者不得离职。司法官在裁判案件时要做到公平、中正,不唯上、只唯中,且周王及其子孙均不得干预司法官裁决权的行使。对待刑事案件的态度上哀矜勿喜,在定罪量刑和刑罚执行时秉持仁善、宽严相济、义刑义杀的刑事政策。在案件事实查证方面,秉持全面查清案件事实的真实原则。Scholars,Zhunren,Zhunfu,Zheng and SiKou were the titles of judicial officers in the early Western Zhou Dynasty,which reflected the value concept of judicial trial pursuing fairness,justice and natural law reverence.Judicial officers should have good and rational character traits,and their profession should be stable.Those who do not violate the law and indoctrination should not leave.When judging a case,the judicial officer should be be fair,just and subject to moderation rather than upper officers.The king of Zhou and his descendants shall not interfere in the exercise of the judicial officer’s judicial power.In the treatment of criminal cases,we should expend sympathy rather than be glad.In the conviction,sentencing and penalty execution,the criminal policy of benevolence,tempering justice with mercy,righteous punishment and righteous killing should be upheld.In the aspect of fact investigation,the truth principle of comprehensive investigation of the facts of the case should be observed.

关 键 词：《尚书》 西周 慎刑 仁善 

分 类 号：D909.92[政治法律—法学理论]