中国煤炭行业绿色全要素生产率研究  被引量:9

Research on Green Total Factor Productivity of Coal Industry in China

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作  者:蔡林美 郭佐宁 张金锁 CAI Linmei;GUO Zuoning;ZHANG Jinsuo

机构地区:[1]西安科技大学能源学院 [2]延安大学经济与管理学院、陕西省能源产业绿色低碳发展软科学研究基地 [3]陕西陕煤陕北矿业有限公司

出  处:《中国矿业大学学报(社会科学版)》2023年第1期161-180,共20页Journal of China University of Mining & Technology(Social Sciences)

基  金:国家自然科学基金面上项目“不确定条件下我国重要能源资源供给安全管理的理论与政策研究”(项目编号:71273206);陕西省教育厅项目“基于EROI方法的陕北地区煤炭投入产出评价研究”(项目编号:19JK0944);企业科研项目“陕北矿业公司高质量发展研究”(项目编号:2019SMHKJ-B-J-26)。

摘  要:绿色全要素生产率(GTFP)是将能源消耗与环境污染同时纳入传统TFP核算框架的兼顾经济增长与环境保护的绿色发展指标。与传统全要素生产率(TFP)相比,其更能反映创新驱动的本质。科学测算煤炭行业GTFP能客观描述科技进步与创新、规模收益等对产出增长的驱动/阻碍情况,对煤炭行业实现高质量发展、助力实现“双碳”目标有重要意义。然而,现有煤炭行业GTFP测算较少将经济、能源与环境因素同时考虑在内,导致测算的GTFP与实际情况有一定的差距。将能源消费与“三废”排放同时纳入研究框架,首先应用DEA分析了2014—2018年中国不同区域所属25个省区市煤炭行业的平均综合技术效率,在此基础上,采用Global-Malmquist-Luenberger指数,测算出了2002—2018年的GTFP,并按区域与时间维度对GTFP进行分解,结果表明:我国煤炭行业平均综合技术效率水平较低,西部地区整体优于东部,东部优于中部,中部优于东北;促进我国煤炭行业GTFP改进的主要原因是技术进步,而不是技术效率,纯技术效率与规模效率是导致技术效率降低的主因,但前者的阻碍作用更大,纯技术增长是技术进步的源泉;分地区看,东部煤炭行业的GTFP变化指数均值(1.021)>中部(1.009)>西部(1.000)>东北(0.963),各地区导致GTFP改进/降低的原因不同;分时间看,考察期内我国煤炭行业GTFP年均增长率为0.2%,主要是技术进步年均增长0.9%,技术效率年均降低0.8%导致的。结合研究结果,提出了提高煤炭行业综合技术效率水平、增强煤炭企业科技创新能力、完善煤炭企业生产管理与制度等对策建议。GTFP is a green development index that integrates energy consumption and environmental pollution into the traditional TFP accounting framework,and takes into account economic growth and environmental protection.Compared with traditional TFP,it can better reflect the essence of innovation-driven.Scientific calculation of coal industry GTFP can objectively describe the driving/hindering situation of scientific and technological progress and innovation,returns to scale,etc.to output growth,which is of great significance for the coal industry to achieve high-quality development and help to achieve the goal of"double carbon".However,the existing coal industry GTFP calculation rarely takes economic,energy and environmental factors into account at the same time,resulting in a certain gap between the calculation and the actual situation.Therefore,this paper puts energy consumption and three wastes emissions into the research framework at the same time,analyzes the average comprehensive technical efficiency of coal industry in 25 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities of different regions in China from 2014 to 2018 by using DEA,and calculates the GTFP from 2002 to 2018 by using global Malmquist-Luenberger index and decomposes the GTFP according to regional and time dimensions.The results show that the overall level of comprehensive technical efficiency in the western region is better than that in the eastern region,the eastern region is better than the central region and the central region is better than the northeast region;the main reason for promoting the improvement of GTFP in China’s coal industry is technological progress,not technical efficiency.Pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency are the main reasons for the reduction of technical efficiency,but the former has a greater hindrance,and the growth of pure technical is the source of technical progress.According to different regions,the average change index of GTFP in the eastern coal industry is(1.021)>Central(1.009)>Western(1.000)>Northeast(0.96

关 键 词:数据包络分析 非期望产出 全局Malmquist-Luenberger指数 煤炭行业 绿色全要素生产率 

分 类 号:F426.21[经济管理—产业经济]

 

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