低温与存储时间对红河橙种子萌发的影响  

Influence of Low Temperature and Storage Time on Germination of Citrus hongheensis Seeds

作　　者：李月艳 牟凤娟[1] LI Yueyan;MOU Fengjuan(Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in Southwest Mountains,Ministry of Education,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2023年第3期89-96,共8页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(31360048);云南省教育厅科学研究一般项目(2021J0165);西南林业大学西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室开放项目(KLESWFU-201803)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究低温和存储时间处理对红河橙种子萌发的影响,为红河橙的人工有性繁育及种质资源的保护与开发利用提供参考。【方法】以红河橙种子为研究对象,研究其新鲜种子常温(20~25℃)下立即播种(CK_(1)),新鲜种子4℃存储30 d、60 d和90 d后于恒温箱(25℃,下同)播种处理(C_(111)、C_(112)、C_(113)),新鲜种子-20℃存储30 d、60 d和90 d后于恒温箱播种处理(C_(121)、C_(122)、C_(123)),风干种子常温(20~25℃)下立即播种(CK_(2)),风干种子常温4℃存储30 d、60 d和90 d后于恒温箱播种处理(C_(211)、C_(212)、C_(213)),风干种子-20℃存储30 d、60 d和90 d后于恒温箱播种处理(C_(221)、C_(222)、C_(223))对红河橙种子萌发的影响。【结果】红河橙新鲜种子和风干种子的重量、纵径、横径、棱径和纵横径比分别为0.48 g/粒和0.29 g/粒、16.92 mm和16.26 mm、11.28 mm和10.74 mm、5.86 mm和5.18 mm、1.52和1.53。新鲜种子CK_(1)的发芽率为90.00%,4℃时不同存储时间处理的发芽率为68.33%~85.00%,各处理依次为CK_(1)>C_(111)>C_(112)>C_(113);-20℃时C_(121)、C_(122)和C_(123)的发芽率均为0;风干种子CK_(2)的发芽率为73.33%,4℃时不同存储时间处理发芽率为63.33%~80.00%,各处理依次为C_(211)>CK_(2)>C_(213)>C_(212);-20℃时不同存储时间处理发芽率为38.33%~51.67%,各处理依次为CK_(2)>C_(211)>C_(212)>C_(213)。新鲜种子CK_(1)的发芽势为48.33%,4℃时不同存储时间处理为63.33%~85.00%,各处理依次为C_(111)>C_(112)>C_(113)>CK_(1);-20℃时,C_(121)、C_(122)和C_(123)均为0;风干种子CK_(2)的发芽势为73.33%,4℃时不同存储时间处理发芽势为63.33%~80.00%,各处理依次为C_(211)>CK_(2)>C_(213)>C_(212),-20℃时不同存储时间处理发芽势为38.33%~51.67%,各处理依次为CK_(2)>C_(221)>C_(222)>C_(223)。红河橙种子的发芽率与发芽势及上下胚轴生长势、发芽势与上下胚轴生长势、上胚轴生长势与下胚轴生长势均呈极显著正相关【Objective】The influence of different storage time and low temperature on germination of Citrus hongheensis seeds is studied to provide a reference for artificial sexual propagation of C.hongheensis and conservation and development of C.hongheensis germplasm resources.【Method】The fresh C.hongheensis seeds without storage at low temperature treatment(CK_(1)),fresh C.hongheensis seeds after storage at 4℃for 30 d,60 d and 90 d(C_(111),C_(112) and C_(113)),fresh C.hongheensis seeds after storage at-20℃for 30 d,60 d and 90 d(C_(121),C_(122) and C_(123)),air drying C.hongheensis seeds without storage at low temperature treatment(CK_(2)),air drying C.hongheensis seeds after storage at 4℃for 30 d,60 d and 90 d(C_(211),C_(212) and C_(213))and air drying C.hongheensis seeds after storage at 25℃for 30 d,60 d and 90 d(C_(221),C_(222) and C_(223))all are cultured in the incubator at 25℃to study the influence of different treatments on germination of C.hongheensis seeds.【Result】The average weight,longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,edge diameter and longitudinal diameter/transverse diameter ratio of fresh and air drying C.hongheensis seeds are 0.48 g/seed and 0.29 g/seed,16.92 mm and 16.26 mm,11.28 mm and 10.74 mm,5.86 mm and 5.18 mm,and 1.52 and 1.53 respectively.The seed germination rate of CK_(1) is 90.00%.The seed germination rate of C_(111),C_(112) and C_(113) at 4℃is 68.33%~85.00%and C_(111)>C_(112)>C_(113).The seed germination rate of C_(121),C_(122) and C_(123) at-20℃is 0.The seed germination rate of CK_(2) is 73.33%.The seed germination rate of C_(211),C_(212) and C_(213) at 4℃is 63.33%~80.00%.The seed germination rate of CK_(2),C_(211),C_(212) and C_(213) is C_(211)>CK_(2)>C_(213)>C_(212).The seed germination rate of C_(221),C_(222) and C_(223) at-20℃is 38.33%~51.67%.The seed germination of CK_(2),C_(211),C_(212) and C_(213) is CK_(2)>C_(211)>C_(212)>C_(213).The seed germination potential of CK_(1) is 48.33%,The seed germination potential of C_(111),C_(112) and C_(113) at 4℃is 63

关 键 词：红河橙 种子 低温存储 萌发力 元江 云南 

分 类 号：S666.4[农业科学—果树学]