毛乌素沙地不同复配土条件下苜蓿光合特征及产草量研究  

Study on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Grass Yield of Medicago sativa under Different Compound Soil Conditions in Mu Us Sandy Land

作　　者：刘宗奇 段玉玺[1] 高永 陈士超 LIU Zong-qi;DUAN Yu-xi;GAO Yong;CHEN Shi-chao(Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry,Hohhot 010010,China;College of Desert Control Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《内蒙古林业科技》2022年第4期6-11,共6页Journal of Inner Mongolia Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201404204)。

摘　　要：为探索复配土对苜蓿光合特征及产草量的影响,本文以风沙土和下覆黄绵土混合形成的复配土作为基质,以苜蓿为材料,在毛乌素沙地采用单因素等梯度控制试验法,研究了复配后土壤机械组成、含水率和苜蓿光合特性及生物量的变化。结果表明:复配土配比(下覆黄绵土与其风沙土体积比)增大,土壤砂粒含量减小,粉粒和黏粒含量增加,土壤含水率增大;苜蓿净光合速率、光化学淬灭系数、叶绿素总量、水分利用效率和产草量呈先上升后降低的趋势,在25%时达到最大;而苜蓿蒸腾速率逐渐增大,干鲜比则逐渐减小。利用TOPSIS法综合分析得出:最适宜苜蓿生长发育的复配土比例为25%。利用25%的复配土种植苜蓿既可防止水土流失,改善生态环境,又可提高当地经济收入。In order to explore the effect of compound soil on photosynthesis and biomass of Medicago sativa, taken the compound soil formed by wind blown soil and underlying loessial soil as the substrate and Medicago sativa as the material, the changes of soil mechanical composition and water content after compounding, as well as the photosynthetic characteristics and biomass of Medicago sativa were studied by use of single factor gradient control test method in Mu Us Sandy Land. The results showed that with the increasing of compound soil ratio(volume ratio of wind blown soil and underlying loessial soil), the soil sand content decreased, the content of powder and clay particle increased and the soil water content improved. At the same time, the net photosynthetic rate, photochemical quenching coefficient, chlorophyll content, water use efficiency and biomass of Medicago sativa showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the change of compound soil, which reached the maximum at 25% of compound soil ratio. The transpiration rate of Medicago sativa gradually increased, but the dry-fresh ratio gradually decreased. Through the comprehensive analysis with TOPSIS method, the optimum compound soil ratio for the growth and development of Medicago sativa was 25%. In conclusion, Medicago sativa planted in compound soil of 25% can not only prevent soil erosion and improve the ecoenvironment, but also increase the local economic income.

关 键 词：复配土 苜蓿 生物量 光合特性 毛乌素沙地 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]