典型草原灌丛化对草本植物群落组成的影响  

Effects of Shrub Encroachment in Typical Steppe on Herbaceous Plant Community Composition

作　　者：高海燕 闫德仁[1] 胡小龙[1,2] 袁立敏 张胜男[1,3] 杨制国 GAO Hai-yan;YAN De-ren;HU Xiao-long;YUAN Li-min;ZHANG Sheng-nan;YANG Zhi-guo(Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry,Hohhot 010010,China;Inner Mongolia Duolun Hunshandake Sand Ecosystem Research Station,Xilingol 027300,China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sandy Land(Desert)Ecosystem and Eco-engineering,Hohhot 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古多伦浑善达克沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,内蒙古锡林郭勒027300 [3]内蒙古自治区沙地(沙漠)生态系统与生态工程重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《内蒙古林业科技》2022年第4期12-16,共5页Journal of Inner Mongolia Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0360)。

摘　　要：草原灌丛化逐渐成为全球热点研究对象,为探究灌丛化对典型草原植物群落的影响,以锡林郭勒典型草原为研究对象,选择不同程度灌丛化样地,进行灌丛间植被调查,生物量测定及多样性计算,分析不同灌丛化程度之间的差异性。结果表明:随灌丛化程度增加,灌丛间草本植物物种数由11种显著下降到7种,Margalef丰富度指数由1.7显著降低到1.0;植被盖度、密度、多年生植物种类、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数随灌丛程度增加呈现逐渐降低的趋势;Pielou均匀度指数和Simpson优势度指数均随灌丛化程度加深,呈现先增加后降低的趋势;灌丛间草本植物地上生物量随灌丛化程度加深而显著减少,枯落物质量重度灌丛化显著低于轻度和中度灌丛化。综上所述,典型草原灌丛化现象显著影响植物种类、Margalef丰富度指数、草本植物生物量、地上枯落物质量,本研究可为该区域合理利用提供理论依据。Grassland shrub encroachment has gradually become a global hot research object. In order to explore the influence of shrub encroachment on typical grassland plant communities, taking the typical grassland in Xilin Gol League as the research object, different degrees of shrub encroachment plots were selected to conduct vegetation survey, biomass determination and diversity calculation among the shrubs, and analyze the differences between different degrees of shrub encroachment. The result showed that with the increase of shrub encroachment, the number of herbaceous plant species decreased significantly from 11 to 7, and the Margalef richness index decreased significantly from 1.7 to 1.0. Vegetation coverage, density, species of perennial plants and Shannon-Wiener diversity index showed a decreasing trend with the increase of shrub invasion. Pielou evenness index and Simpson dominance index increased with the degree of shrub invasion, showing a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The biomass of aboveground herbaceous plant decreased significantly with the deepening of the shrub encroachment, and the weight of litter in severe shrub encroachment was significantly lower than that in mild and moderate shrub encroachment. In conclusion, the invasion of typical grassland shrubs significantly affected plant types, Margalef richness index, the biomass of herbaceous plant and the mass of aboveground litter. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the rational use in this area.

关 键 词：小叶锦鸡儿 典型草原 灌丛化 群落组成 生物量 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]