毛乌素沙地4种土地类型土壤水分深层渗漏特征  

Characteristics of Deep Leakage of Soil Water in Four Land Types in Mu Us Sandy Land

作　　者：廉泓林 梁海荣[2] 徐红蛟 包高娃 徐高娃 王华 杨光 LIAN Hong-lin;LIANG Hai-rong;XU Hong-jiao;BAO Gao-wa;XU Gao-wa;WANG Hua;YANG Guang(Horqin Zuoyi Middle Banner Water Affairs Bureau,Inner Mongolia,Horqin Zuoyi Middle Banner 029300,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry,Hohhot 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]科尔沁左翼中旗水务局,内蒙古科尔沁左翼中旗029300 [2]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《内蒙古林业科技》2022年第4期17-20,39,共5页Journal of Inner Mongolia Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金“毛乌素沙地不同覆盖度油蒿群落水分深层渗漏特征研究”(2021MS03102)。

摘　　要：土壤水分是沙区治理与植被建设的关键因素,了解沙区土壤水分动态变化特征对于荒漠化防治以及沙区治理将有着重要意义。本研究在毛乌素沙地腹地的乌审旗选择北沙柳人工灌木林、农田、油蒿天然灌丛草地以及裸沙地4种典型土地类型,对0~200 cm土层进行土壤水分观测和深层渗漏(200 cm)数值模拟。结果表明:(1)生长季内(5-10月),裸沙地累计深层渗漏量为139.77 mm,占同期降雨量(263.40 mm)的53.06%;农田累计深层渗漏量11.92 mm,占同期降雨量(263.40 mm)和灌溉量(292.40 mm)的4.53%;北沙柳人工灌木林和油蒿天然灌丛草地则均无深层渗漏发生。(2)裸沙地月累计深层渗漏量与降雨量的大小波动基本呈现出一致的变化规律。(3)降雨量、植被以及土壤质地均会对土壤水分的深层渗漏量产生影响。(4)相对较高的土壤含水量会提升土壤水分的下渗速率,进而导致深层渗漏滞后时间缩短。Soil water is the key factor for sand control and vegetation construction, it is of great significance to understand the dynamic change characteristics of soil water in desertification control and sand control. In this paper, four typical land types, Salix psammophila plantation, farmland, Artemisia ordosica shrub grassland and bare sandy land, were selected in Uxin Banner in the hinterland of Mu Us Sandy Land, and the soil moisture observation in 0-200 cm layer and numerical simulation of deep leakage(200 cm) were conducted. The results showed:(1) During the growing season(May-October), the cumulative deep leakage in bare sandy land was 139.77 mm, accounting for 53.06% of the rainfall(263.40 mm) in the same period;the one in irrigated farmland was 11.92 mm, accounting for 4.53% of the rainfall(263.40 mm) and irrigation amount(292.40 mm) in the same period;there was no deep leakage in Salix psammophila plantation and Artemisia ordosica natural shrub grassland.(2) The fluctuation of monthly accumulated deep leakage and rainfall in bare sandy land basically showed a consistent change pattern.(3) Rainfall, vegetation and soil texture could affect the deep leakage of soil moisture.(4) The relatively high soil water content could increase the infiltration rate of soil moisture, leading to shorten the lag time of deep leakage.

关 键 词：毛乌素沙地 土壤水分 深层渗漏 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]