2017-2021年普宁地区泌尿生殖道支原体感染现状及药物敏感性分析  

Current status of urogenital tract mycoplasma infection and drug susceptibility analysis in Puning area during 2017-2021

作　　者：谢平霖 方炳雄 庄蓓丽 余彩瑶 刘琪 XIE Pinglin;FANG Bingxiong;ZHUANG Beili;YU Caiyao;LIU Qi(Precision Medicine Center,Puning Municipal People′s Hospital,Jieyang,Guangdong 515300,China;Department of Clinical Laboratory,Puning Municipal People′s Hospital,Jieyang,Guangdong 515300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省揭阳市普宁市人民医院精准医学中心,广东揭阳515300 [2]广东省揭阳市普宁市人民医院检验科,广东揭阳515300

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2023年第6期743-746,752,共5页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

基　　金：广东省揭阳市科技计划项目(sxm036)。

摘　　要：目的了解广东省普宁地区泌尿生殖道支原体的感染情况及其对药物敏感性的变化,为临床的用药治疗提供参考依据。方法收集普宁市人民医院2017-2021年的95251例疑似泌尿生殖道感染患者的支原体检测结果及药物敏感试验结果进行回顾性分析。结果在95251例标本中,检出泌尿生殖道支原体37926例,感染率为39.82%,其中单独解脲支原体(Uu)的感染率(29.50%)明显高于单独人型支原体(Mh)的感染率(1.58%)及解脲支原体和人型支原体(Uu+Mh)的混合感染率(8.73%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且感染率总体呈逐年上升趋势(Z=6.52,P<0.05)。女性泌尿生殖道支原体感染率(41.41%)明显高于男性(22.60%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在药物敏感试验中,泌尿生殖道支原体对强力霉素、美满霉素和交沙霉素的敏感性较高,敏感率都≥92.23%,而对喹诺酮类药物的敏感性普遍偏低,敏感率都≤13.44%。此外2021年泌尿生殖道支原体对四环素、红霉素、交沙霉素的耐药率均明显高于2017-2020年(P<0.05)。结论普宁地区的泌尿生殖道支原体感染率呈逐年上升趋势,需加强对该地区泌尿生殖道支原体感染的监控;强力霉素、美满霉素可作为该地区泌尿生殖道支原体感染治疗的首选药物,临床要根据药物敏感性试验结果选择合适的抗菌药物或选择多种抗菌药物联合用药进行治疗,有效防治支原体感染。Objective To understand the status of the urogenital tract mycoplasma infection and the change of drug susceptibility in Puning area of Guangdong to provide a reference for clinical medication.Methods The mycoplasma test results and drug susceptibility test results from 95251 patients with suspected urogenital tract infection in Puning Municipal People′s Hospital during 2017-2021 were collected and retrospectively analyzed.Results Among 95251 cases of samples,37926 cases of genitourinary tract mycoplasma positive were detected out with the infection rate of 39.82%.Among them,the infection rate(29.50%)of Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu)alone was significantly higher than 1.58%of Mycoplasma hominis(Mh)alone and 8.73%of the mixed infection rate(Uu+Mh),the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),moreover the overall infection rate showed the increasing trend year by year(Z=6.52,P<0.05).The infection rate of mycoplasma in female urogenital tract(41.41%)was significantly higher than 22.60%in male,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In the drug sensitivity test,urogenital tract mycoplasma was highly sensitive to doxycycline,minocycline and josamycin,and the sensitivity rate was≥92.23%,while the sensitivity to quinolones was generally low,and the sensitivity rate was≤13.44%.In addition,the drug resistance rate of mycoplasma urealyticum to tetracycline,erythromycin and josamycin in 2021 was significantly higher than that in 2017-2020(P<0.05).Conclusion The infection rate of urogenital tract mycoplasma in the Puning area shows the increasing trend year by year,and it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of urogenital tract mycoplasma infection in this area.Doxycycline and minocycline could serve as the first choice for the treatment of urogenital tract mycoplasma infection in this area.Clinic should select appropriate antibacterial drugs or combination of multiple antibacterial drugs to conduct the treatment in order to effectively prevent mycoplasma infection.

关 键 词：解脲支原体 人型支原体 药物敏感性试验 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]