元宇宙发展对个人信息保护的挑战及应对——兼论个人生物识别信息的概念重构  

Challenges and Responses to Personal Information Protection from the Development of Metaverse Immersive Technology

作　　者：张晨原 ZHANG Chenyuan(Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆邮电大学网络空间安全与信息法学院,重庆400065

出　　处：《法学论坛》2023年第2期132-141,共10页Legal Forum

摘　　要：虽然目前学界、产业界对于元宇宙不存在统一的概念,但是用户体验的沉浸性却是所有元宇宙界定中必然包含的要素。沉浸式体验需要VR、AR等沉浸式装备来实现,沉浸式装备由四大关键技术构成,包括三维建模技术、三维显示技术、三维音频技术以及体感交互技术。上述四大技术的实现需要收集更多的人体生物信息,例如眼球位置信息、手势信息、脑电图、肌电图等,这些信息是实时的、随时变化的,可以间接识别到用户本人。同时在法律上,上述信息符合敏感个人信息的“人格尊严、人身财产安全受到侵害(侵犯)”的法定标准,但又不属于《个人信息保护法》第28条中明确对敏感个人信息的七项列举,因此只能归入一般的敏感个人信息。但是,仅仅将元宇宙收集的生物信息列为一般敏感信息会造成上述信息的监管保护力度不足,应当破除目前学界认为个人生物识别信息具有“唯一性”的固有观念,明确个人生物识别信息包括可识别与已识别两种模式,从而将元宇宙收集的生物信息纳入个人生物识别信息的范畴之中。Although the concept of metaverse is not unified in academic and industrial circles,the immersion of user experience is always an inevitable element in all definitions of metaverse.Immersive experience requires VR,AR and other immersive equipment,which consists of four key technologies,including 3D modeling,3D display,3D audio and somatosensory interaction.The realization of those technologies requires the collection of a lot of human biological information,such as eye position,gesture,EEG,EMG,and other real-time information which can indirectly identify the user.While complying with the statutory standard of sensitive personal information infringement on personal dignity,personal safety or property safety,the above-mentioned information is not listed in Article 28 of the Personal Information Protection Law.However,merely treating the biometric information collected by Metaverse as general sensitive information will result in insufficient regulatory protection for the above-mentioned information.Therefore,the inherent perception in current academic and industrial circles of the“uniqueness”of personal biometric information should be abolished.It should be clarified that personal biometric information includes identifiable and identified information.In this way,the biological information collected by the metaverse can be included in the category of personal biometric information.

关 键 词：元宇宙 沉浸式技术 间接识别 敏感个人信息 个人生物识别信息 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]