油茶嫁接换冠后园艺化管理技术探讨  

Discussion on Horticultural Management Technology of Camellia Oleifera After Grafting and Crown Replacement

作　　者：陈代云 陆荣民 龙美 蔡娅 莫爱媛 左艾杰 农永祥 Chen Daiyun;Lu Rongmin;Long Mei;Cai Ya;Mo Aiyuan;Zuo Aijie;Nong Yongxiang(Baise Forestry Scientific Research Institute,Baise 533000,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute,Nanning 530002,China;Longlin County Forestry Bureau,Baise 533500,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]百色市林业科学研究所,广西百色533000 [2]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,南宁530002 [3]隆林各族自治县林业局,广西百色533500

出　　处：《林业科技情报》2023年第1期9-12,共4页Forestry Science and Technology Information

基　　金：百色市科技局2019年百色市科学研究与技术开发计划项目“油茶低产林嫁接换冠改造技术研究与示范”课题(百科20193205号)。

摘　　要：广西是全国油茶重点产区,而百色是广西油茶生产主产区和传统产区,栽培历史悠久,油茶产业发展基础好、条件优越、潜力巨大。但百色油茶传统经营管理粗放、老幼低产低效林分多、单产不高,油茶产业发展大而不强,发展模式单一,产业化水平低,影响了林农种植的积极性。基于此,本文结合区内外油茶产业发展经验,从嫁接技术、施肥技术、整形修剪技术和病虫害防治技术等方面论述了园艺化管理的技术体系。通过高位换冠后,运用精细化的园艺化栽培管理技术手段高水平管理,达到高产、高效目标,以期推动百色油茶产业高质量发展。Guangxi is an important region for Camellia Oleifera production in China,while Baise is the main and traditional region for Camellia Oleifera production.However,the traditional management of Camellia Oleifera in Baise is extensive,the old and young have more low-yield and low-efficiency stands,the per unit yield is not high,the Camellia Oleifera industry is large but not strong,the development model is single,the industrialization level is low,which affects the enthusiasm of forest farmers.Based on the experience of Camellia Oleifera industry in and out of the region,this paper discusses the technical system of horticultural management from the aspects of grafting,fertilization,shaping and pruning and pest control.After changing the crown at high position,the high-level management of fine horticultural culture and management techniques was applied to achieve high-yield and high-efficiency,so as to promote the high-quality development of camellia oleifera industry in Baise.

关 键 词：油茶低产林 嫁接换冠 园艺化 百色 

分 类 号：S756.5[农业科学—森林经理学]