美国国家安全战略与中美关系  

US National Security Strategy and Sino-US Relations

作　　者：夏立平[1,2,3] Xia Liping

机构地区：[1]同济大学政治与国际关系学院 [2]中国战略研究院 [3]同济大学中国特色社会主义理论研究中心,上海200433

出　　处：《亚太安全与海洋研究》2023年第2期37-55,I0002,I0003,共21页Asia-Pacific Security and Maritime Affairs

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目“美国国家安全战略研究”(编号:20JZD056)

摘　　要：中国是亚太地区大国和具有全球影响力的国家,因此美国总是将中国放在其国家安全战略全局、国际战略格局全局和亚太地区战略态势全局来观察和分析,并据此制定对华政策和确定美中关系走向。中美之间的互动也对美国国家安全战略的制定和实施产生重要影响。冷战时期,美国制定对苏遏制的国家安全战略,特别是根据中苏关系状态来确定美国对华政策和美中关系。冷战后,美国根据建立“世界新秩序”和全球反恐的国家安全战略,对华交替采用“接触”与“制约”政策。随着中国的快速崛起和全球反恐取得一定进展,美国国家安全战略中涉华议题越来越多。在美国认为中国的发展“威胁”到其全球主导地位后,特朗普政府和拜登政府从“大国战略竞争”国家安全战略出发,将中国视为主要“战略竞争对手”。美国国家安全战略存在三大内在矛盾,中美关系正经历否定之否定的过程。China is a major power in the Asia-Pacific region and a country with global influence.Therefore the United States always observes and analyzes China in its overall situation of national security strategy, international strategic pattern and the strategic situation in the AsiaPacific region, and accordingly formulate its policy towards China and determine the trend of Sino-US relations. The interaction between China and the United States also has a significant impact on the formulation and implementation of US National Security Strategy. During the Cold War, the US policy towards China and Sino-US relations was determined by its national security strategy of containment against the Soviet Union, especially the state of relations between China and the Soviet Union. During the post-cold war era, the US alternatively pursued the policies of engagement and restriction towards China according to its national security strategy of “establishing a new world order” and global counter-terrorism. With the rapid rise of China and certain progress made in the global anti-terrorism, there are more and more issues related to China in US national security strategy. Since the United States has believed that China’s development threatens its leading position in the world, the Trump administration and the Biden administration have regarded China as the adversary of strategic competition according to US national security strategy of strategic competition among major powers.

关 键 词：美国国家安全战略 美国对华政策 接触与制约政策 美中关系 中美关系 中国台湾问题 

分 类 号：D820[政治法律—政治学]