城市中老年居民亚健康状况及其影响因素分析  

Prevalence and influencing factors of suboptimal health among urban middle-aged and elderly residents in China

作　　者：张孜成 薛允莲[2] 许军[3] 邱恒[4] 刘倩 吴伟旋 ZHANG Zi-cheng;XUE Yun-lian;XU Jun(School of Health Services Management,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province 510515,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学卫生管理学院,广东广州510515 [2]广东省人民医院(广东省医学科学院) [3]南方医科大学南方医院运营管理部 [4]南方医科大学南方医院事业发展部

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2023年第1期27-31,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71673126);广州市科技计划项目(201803010089)。

摘　　要：目的了解城市中老年居民亚健康状况及其影响因素,为促进城市中老年居民健康提供参考依据。方法于2017年12月—2018年10月采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法在四川省、黑龙江省、甘肃省、天津市和广东省抽取3600名≥45岁城市中老年居民进行亚健康状况问卷调查,并应用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析其亚健康状况的主要影响因素。结果最终纳入分析的3476名城市中老年居民的总体亚健康检出率为66.51%,其中生理亚健康、心理亚健康和社会亚健康的检出率分别为67.17%、63.98%和69.45%;多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,受二手烟影响程度大、有不良饮食习惯和近半年经历过应激事件为城市中老年居民亚健康状态的危险因素;在婚、家庭人均月收入2500~7500元、按时早睡、高挫商和自我健康关注度高为城市中老年居民亚健康状态的保护因素。结论城市中老年居民亚健康检出率较高,婚姻状况、家庭人均月收入、受二手烟影响程度、有无不良饮食习惯、是否按时早睡、挫商程度、自我健康关注度和近半年是否经历过生活应激事件是城市中老年居民亚健康状态的主要影响因素。Objective To examine the prevalence and influencing factors of suboptimal health among urban middle-aged and elderly residents and to provide evidence for health promotion in the population.Methods Using stratified multistage random sampling,we recruited 3600 urban permanent residents aged 45 years and above in five provinces across China and carried out a survey with Sub-Health Measurement Scale Version 1.0 and a self-designed questionnaire during December2017-October 2018.Unconditional multivariate logistic regression was adopted to explore influencing factors of suboptimal health status of the participants.Results Among 3476 participants completing the survey,the detection rate of general suboptimal health was 66.51%and the detection rate of physical,mental,and social suboptimal health status were 67.17%,63.98%,and 69.45%,respectively.The results of unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that with higher exposure to second-hand smoke,having unhealthy dietary behavior,and experiencing stress event during past six months were risk factors for suboptimal health;while,being married,with a monthly household income of 2500-7500 RMB yuan per capita,going to bed early and on time,with high adversity quotient,and paying a close attention to selfhealth were protective factors against suboptimal health.Conclusion Among urban permanent residents aged 45 years and above in China,the detection rate of suboptimal health status was relatively high,and mainly influenced by marital status,monthly household income per capita,second-hand smoke exposure,unhealthy eating habits,sleeping on time,adversity quotient,attention to self-health and recent stressful life event.

关 键 词：亚健康 影响因素 中老年居民 城市 

分 类 号：R181.373[医药卫生—流行病学]