中国南北经济发展分化了吗——基于地级城市生产率的证据  

Does China’s Economic Development Divide between North and South:Based on the Productivity of Prefecture-level Cities

作　　者：陈容 张杰 CHEN Rong;ZHANG Jie(School of Economics,Remin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Institute of China’s Economic Reform&Development,Remin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学经济学院,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学中国经济改革与发展研究院,北京100872

出　　处：《中南财经政法大学学报》2023年第2期104-117,共14页Journal of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：博士后科学基金面上项目“产业链视角下中国关键核心技术创新的突破路径与对策”(2022M713444);湖南省哲学社会科学基金一般项目“创新引致经济增长的路径研究”(22YBA094)。

摘　　要：中国南北板块是否存在经济发展分化,一直是学术界关注的且具有争议的话题。本文从中国地级城市全要素生产率的角度研究发现,中国南北板块的全要素生产率存在显著差距,并且从2012年左右差距逐步扩大,为中国南北板块经济发展分化现象提供了有力的支撑。进一步地,本文发现中国北方板块的市场化改革,特别是要素市场化改革进程,落后于南方板块,要素市场扭曲效应是导致中国南北板块全要素生产率发生分化的核心机制。相比2008年金融危机之前,2008年金融危机之后要素市场扭曲效应对中国北方板块的全要素生产率产生了更为突出的抑制效应。这些经验证据验证了中国情景下的政府干预行为理论假设,特别是政府对关键要素的干预和控制行为理论假设,在一定程度上解释了中国南北板块经济发展分化现象。Whether there exists economic development differentiation between China’s North and South plates has always been an important controversial topic in academic circles. From the perspective of the total factor productivity of prefecture-level cities in China, this paper finds that there is a significant gap in the total factor productivity of China’s North-South plates, and the gap has gradually widened since 2012, which provides a strong support for the economic development differentiation of China’s North-South plates. Further, it is found that the market-oriented reform of the central regions in northern China lags behind that of the central regions in southern China, and the resulting factor market distortion effect is the core mechanism that leads to the differentiation of the total factor productivity of the northern and southern regions in China. Compared with before the 2008 financial crisis, after the 2008 financial crisis, the factor market distortion effect caused a more prominent inhibitory effect on the total factor productivity at the city level in northern China. These empirical evidences profoundly explain the theoretical hypothesis of government intervention behavior under the Chinese scenario, especially the theoretical hypothesis of government intervention and control behavior of key factors, and to a certain extent explain the cause of the economic development differentiation of the North and South plates in China.

关 键 词：中国南北经济发展分化 政府干预行为理论假说 要素市场扭曲效应 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济]