不同施氮水平玉米种植地施入有机物料对白浆土养分性状的影响  

Effects of Organic Materials on Nutrient Properties of Albic Soil in Maize Planting with Different Nitrogen Application Levels

作　　者：马超 马余 曹志伟 蹇心勇 蔡佳鑫 王帅 MA Chao;MA Yu;CAO Zhiwei;JIAN Xinyong;CAI Jiaxin;WANG Shuai(College of Agriculture,Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University,Jilin 132101)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业科技学院农学院,吉林132101

出　　处：《吉林农业科技学院学报》2023年第1期12-17,共6页Journal of Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University

基　　金：吉林省大学生科技创新创业训练计划项目(S202111439064)。

摘　　要：以典型白浆土区玉米“3414”肥效试验下4个施氮水平,分别配施黄腐酸、腐熟羊粪、玉米秸秆粉末和固化秸秆颗粒的耕层土壤为试材,采用田间试验法,研究了玉米不同生育期白浆土速效养分和有机质含量的动态变化规律。结果表明:(1)在4个施氮水平下,相比于拔节期,玉米腊熟期各有机物料的施入均能有效提高白浆土碱解氮含量,而在减量施氮条件下黄腐酸能使碱解氮含量下降5.1%;(2)固化秸秆颗粒在各施氮水平下均能提高白浆土有效磷含量,相反,黄腐酸在各施氮水平下均能降低白浆土有效磷消耗,基于推荐施氮和过量施氮的情况,腐熟羊粪对白浆土有效磷含量的提升效果最佳;(3)固化秸秆颗粒、腐熟羊粪和黄腐酸在各施氮水平下均有助于白浆土速效钾含量提升,玉米秸秆粉末在不施氮或推荐施氮下能使白浆土速效钾含量降低;(4)固化秸秆颗粒在各施氮水平下均可有效提高白浆土有机质含量,玉米秸秆粉末和腐熟羊粪在不施氮、减量施氮和过量施氮条件下均能使白浆土有机质含量增加,相反,黄腐酸在3个施氮水平下均能使有机质含量降低。The dynamic changes of available nutrients and organic matter contents at different growth stages of maize were studied by field experiment using four nitrogen application levels under maize“3414”fertilizer efficiency test in typical white slurry soil area.The topsoil mixed with fulvic acid,decomposed sheep manure,corn straw powder and solidified straw particles were used as test materials.The results showed that(1)under the four nitrogen application levels,compared with the jointing stage,the application of organic materials at maize wax ripening stage could effectively increase the alkalihydrolyzed nitrogen content in white slurry soil,but under the condition of reduced nitrogen application,the fulvic acid could reduce the alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content by 5.1%.(2)Solidified straw particles could increase the available phosphorus content of white slurry soil at all nitrogen application levels,on the contrary,fulvic acid could reduce the available phosphorus consumption of white slurry soil at all nitrogen application levels.Based on the conditions of recommended and excessive nitrogen application,decomposed sheep dung had the best effect of increasing the available phosphorus content of white slurry soil.(3)Solidified straw particles,decomposed sheep dung and fulvic acid all contributed to the increase of available kalium content in white slurry soil under different nitrogen application levels,while corn straw powder decreased the available kalium content in white slurry soil under the condition of no nitrogen application or recommended nitrogen application.(4)Solidified straw particles could effectively increase the organic matter content of white slurry soil under all nitrogen application levels.Corn straw powder and decomposed sheep dung could increase the organic matter content of the soil under no nitrogen application,reduced nitrogen application and excessive nitrogen application conditions.On the contrary,fulvic acid could reduce the organic matter content under the three nitrogen application lev

关 键 词：有机物料 白浆土 腐解 养分性质 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]