不同年份下陆地棉杂交F1产量、品质性状的配合力及稳定性分析  

Combining Ability and Stability Analysis of Yield and Quality Traits of Upland Cotton Hybrid F1 in Different Years

作　　者：郭金成 曹新川[1] 宋佳 赵玉玲 邵永杰 何良荣 Guo Jincheng;Cao Xinchuan;Song Jia;Zhao Yuling;Shao Yongjie;He Liangrong(College of Agronomy,Tarim University,Alaer 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第2期36-43,共8页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：华中农业大学—塔里木大学科研联合基金项目“南疆中早熟陆地棉新品种选育”(HNLH202007)。

摘　　要：配合力分析是指导陆地棉品种选育的重要依据。为探索陆地棉产量、品质性状的配合力与年份互作效应及配合力在不同年份间的稳定性,本研究采用NCⅡ遗传设计,以3个早熟品种为母本、6个高产优质品种为父本,于2018年组配18个杂交组合,2019、2020年均同时种植亲本和杂交组合F1,调查统计产量、品质性状数据,继而采用PROC GLM进行联合方差分析,用相关系数法及平方和可加性原理分析配合力的相对稳定性,采用AMMI模型与GGE双标图对杂交组合进行评价。结果表明,陆地棉产量、品质性状普遍存在基因型与年份互作效应,年份对性状的影响最大。加性效应对单株铃数、衣分、上半部平均长度与比强度起主导作用,这些性状遗传力高,育种时可在早代选择;皮棉产量、马克隆值、整齐度与伸长率受加性效应与非加性效应共同控制,单铃重主要受非加性效应影响,这些性状遗传力低,宜在高世代选择。不同年份下,大部分性状一般配合力(GCA)呈极显著相关且稳定性高,一年试验所得结果较为可靠;特殊配合力(SCA)均无显著相关性且稳定性低,宜进行多年联合鉴定;配合力稳定性主要受基因加性效应、非加性效应与环境互作及遗传力高低的共同影响。亲本J206-5(B1)、创棉518(B2)与耕野王(A1)配合力高且较为稳定,可作为选育优质陆地棉的优良亲本;组合2(A1×B2)、6(A1×B6)、9(A2×B3)、13(A3×B1)、16(A3×B4)综合表现较好,具有较大的育成品种的潜力。Combining ability is an important basis for guiding upland cotton breeding.In order to explore the interaction effects of combining ability of yield and quality traits with year and the stability of combining ability in different years of upland cotton,the experiment was conducted by NCⅡgenetic design with 3 early-maturing varieties as female parents and 6 high-yielding and good-quality varieties as male parents.Eighteen hybrid combinations were made in 2018,and then the experiment was carried out in 2019 and 2020.The PROC GLM was used for complex variance analysis,the correlation coefficient and additivity of sum of squares were used to analyze the relative stability of combining ability,and the AMMI model and GGE double biplot were used to evaluate the hybrid combinations.The results showed that there were genotype-year interaction effects on upland cotton yield and quality traits,and year had the greatest effect.Additive effect played a leading role in boll number per plant,lint percentage,average length of upper half and specific strength,which had high heritability and could be selected in early generations.Lint yield,micronair value,uniformity and elongation were controlled by both additive and non-additive effects,and the single boll weight was mainly affected by non-additive effects;these traits had low heritability and was suitable to be selected in higher generations.In different years,the general combining ability(GCA)of most traits showed significant correlations and high stability,and the results of one-year test were reliable;the special combining ability(SCA)of the traits had no significant correlation and low stability,so it was suitable for multi-year joint identification;the stability of combining ability was mainly affected by gene additive effect,non-additive effect,their interaction with environment and heritability.The combining ability of parents J206-5(B1)and Chuangmian 518(B2)with Field King(A1)was high and stable,so they could be used as good parents for breeding high-quality upland co

关 键 词：陆地棉 NCⅡ 配合力 互作效应 稳定性 

分 类 号：S562.01[农业科学—作物学]