两种处理对西洋参根际土壤理化性质及真菌群落的影响  

Effects of Two Treatments on Physicochemical Properties and Fungal Community in Rhizosphere Soil of Panax quinquefolius

作　　者：舒瑜 蒋景龙[1] 陈德经[1] 李丽[1] 董艳鑫 Shu Yu;Jiang Jinglong;Chen Dejing;Li Li;Dong Yanxin(School of Biological Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology/Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Foundation and Application,Hanzhong 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学生物科学与工程学院/陕西省催化基础与应用重点实验室,陕西汉中723000

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第2期84-91,共8页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省区域创新能力引导计划项目(2020QFY12-06);秦巴生物资源与生态环境国培重点实验室项目(SLGPT2019KF04-03)。

摘　　要：本试验通过西洋参根水提液(GT)和连作4年西洋参土壤浸提液(ST)定期浇灌西洋参幼苗,研究两种处理对西洋参幼苗生长及土壤理化性质和真菌群落的影响。结果表明,与CK组相比,GT和ST组死苗率明显升高;GT组碱解氮和速效钾含量、转化酶和脲酶活性显著上升,pH值和铵态氮含量均显著下降;ST组pH值和速效磷、铵态氮含量显著下降,碱解氮含量显著上升。利用Illumina Miseq测序,共获得高质量序列768262条,PCA分析显示3组样品真菌结构存在显著差异。与CK组相比,GT组和ST组Chao 1指数和ACE指数下降,Shannon指数和Simpson指数升高。在门水平,被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota)、子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、壶菌门(Chytridiomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)为3组样品中的差异菌门。两处理明显抑制了西洋参幼苗的生长,并导致根际土壤理化性质和真菌群落的变化,为进一步阐明西洋参连作障碍产生机理提供了依据。In this study,P.quinquefolius seedlings were regularly treated with its root water extract(GT)and rhizosphere soil extract(ST)from 4-year continuous cropping fields,respectively,to analyze their effects on seedling growth,soil physical and chemical properties and fungal community.The results showed that compared with group CK,the seedling mortality in group GT and ST was significantly increased;the alkali hydrolyzable N and available K contents and the invertase and urease activities in group GT increased significantly,while the pH value and ammonium N content decreased significantly;the pH value and the content of ammonium N and available P decreased significantly in group ST,while the alkali-hydrolyzed N content increased significantly.A total of 768262 high-quality sequences were obtained by Illumina Miseq sequencing,and the PCA analysis showed significant differences in fungal structure of the three groups.The Chao1 and ACE indexes decreased in group GT and ST,and the Shannon and Simpson indexes increased compared with group CK.At phylum level,Mortierellomycota,Ascomycota,Chytridiomycota and Basidiomycota were the different phyla in the three groups.In conclusion,the two treatments significantly inhibited the growth of P.quinquefolius seedlings and caused changes in physicochemical properties and fungal communities of rhizosphere soil,which could provide a basis for further elucidating the mechanism of continuous cropping obstacles of P.quinquefolius.

关 键 词：西洋参 连作障碍 微生物群落 土壤理化性质 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S567.5[农业科学—中草药栽培]