不同浓度和分子量腐植酸对玉米幼苗根系和抗氧化系统的影响  

Effects of Humic Acid with Different Concentrations and Molecular Weights on Maize Roots and Antioxidant System

作　　者：冷茂林 诸葛玉平[1] 杨全刚[1] 李永强[1] 晁赢 颜晓晓 高硕 李清君 贾佳 Leng Maolin;Zhuge Yuping;Yang Quangang;Li Yongqiang;Chao Ying;Yan Xiaoxiao;Gao Shuo;Li Qingjun;Jia Jia(National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources/College of Resources and Environment,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China;Taian High and New Technology Industrial Development Zone,Taian 271000,China;Taishan District Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Taian City,Taian 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]土肥高效利用国家工程研究中心/山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018 [2]泰安高新技术产业开发区,山东泰安271000 [3]泰安市泰山区农业农村局,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第2期100-109,共10页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)项目(2021CXGC010804);山东省农业科技资金(林业科技创新)项目(2019LY009)。

摘　　要：为研究不同腐植酸对玉米幼苗根系和抗氧化系统的影响,选择未分级(HA)、低分子量(<1000 Da)和高分子量(>50000 Da)腐植酸进行水培试验,设置低(0.2 g/L)、中(0.4 g/L)和高(0.6 g/L)3个浓度处理,以不添加腐植酸为对照(CK),研究不同腐植酸对玉米根系参数、营养元素含量、可溶性蛋白、GSH、T-SOD、POD的影响。结果表明,0.6 g/L未分级腐植酸刺激根系生长和促进铁的吸收作用最显著,总根长、根系体积、根系表面积和铁含量与CK相比显著提高252.73%、98.04%、540.10%和39.79%;0.2 g/L高分子量腐植酸促进根系对氮、磷、钙和镁等元素的吸收并显著提高其可溶性蛋白含量,0.6 g/L低分子量腐植酸促进根系吸收锰和锌的效果最好;与CK相比,0.2 g/L和0.6 g/L腐植酸处理的根系可溶性蛋白含量显著增加54.97%~157.76%,0.2 g/L低分子量和未分级腐植酸在显著增加根系可溶性蛋白含量的同时更有利于保持T-SOD、POD活性,腐植酸显著降低根系GSH含量,低分子量腐植酸随浓度增加GSH含量升高。综合分析,适宜浓度下,未分级(HA)和高分子量腐植酸(>50000 Da)更有利于促进根系生长及其对大中量元素的吸收,低分子量腐植酸(<1000 Da)在促进微量元素吸收、保持抗氧化性酶活性等方面更具有优势,腐植酸增加根系可溶性蛋白含量,降低GSH含量。In order to study the effects of different humic acids on maize roots and antioxidant system,unsorted(HA),low molecular weight(<1000 Da)and high molecular weight(>50 kDa)humic acids were selected for hydroponic culture test.Low(0.2 g/L),medium(0.4 g/L)and high(0.6 g/L)concentrations were set,and no humic acid addition was as the control(CK).The effects of different humic acid on root parameters,nutrient element,soluble protein and GSH contents,and T-SOD and POD activities of maize were analyzed.The results showed that 0.6 g/L unsorted humic acid had the most significant effect on promoting root growth and iron absorption.The total root length,root volume,root surface area and iron content were significantly increased by 252.73%,98.04%,540.10%and 39.79%compared with CK;0.2 g/L high molecular weight humic acid promoted the absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus,calcium and magnesium by roots,and significantly increased the content of soluble protein;0.6 g/L low molecular weight humic acid had the best promotion to the absorption of manganese and zinc by roots.Compared with CK,the soluble protein content of roots treated with 0.2 g/L and 0.6 g/L humic acid increased significantly by 54.97%~157.76%;0.2 g/L low molecular weight and unsorted humic acid significantly increased the soluble protein content of roots and was more conducive to maintaining the activities of T-SOD and POD.Humic acid significantly decreased the GSH content of roots,but the GSH content increased with the increase of humic acid concentration.Comprehensive analysis showed that the unsorted and high molecular weight humic acid(>50 kDa)at appropriate concentration were more conducive to promote root growth and absorption of large and medium elements;low molecular weight humic acid(<1000 Da)had more advantages in promoting the absorption of trace elements and maintaining the activity of antioxidant enzymes;humic acids could increase the content of soluble protein and reduce the content of GSH in roots.

关 键 词：腐植酸 分子量 抗氧化系统 玉米 幼苗根系 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学] S145.2