介孔氧化铝纳米材料的制备及除氟性能研究  

Research on preparation of mesoporous alumina nanomaterials and their fluoride removal properties

作　　者：许乃才 史丹丹 XU Nai-cai;SHI Dan-dan(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China;Institute Co.,Ltd.of Science and Technology Information of Qinghai Province,Xining 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学化学化工学院,青海西宁810008 [2]青海省科学技术信息研究所有限公司,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《应用化工》2023年第2期464-470,共7页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：青海省应用基础研究(2022-ZJ-723);中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养项目(1-13);青海省“昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才(培养拔尖)”项目。

摘　　要：以氯化铝和铝酸钠为原料,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为结构调控剂,采用水热反应和高温煅烧技术制备了纳米氧化铝粉体材料。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)和N2吸附/脱附等对产物的晶型、形貌和孔结构进行了表征,研究了氧化铝对氟离子的吸附性能。结果表明,水热反应制得前驱体为AlOOH,呈现纳米片组装的花状形貌;550℃煅烧后所得产物为η-Al_(2)O_(3),呈现出分散性良好的纳米颗粒状形貌。η-Al_(2)O_(3)具有介孔结构,经PVP调控的η-Al_(2)O_(3)有较大的比表面积(132.56 m^(2)/g)和孔容(0.396 cm^(3)/g)。η-Al_(2)O_(3)的除氟容量随溶液pH增大先减小后趋于平衡,经PVP调控的η-Al_(2)O_(3)具有更优异的除氟性能。η-Al_(2)O_(3)吸附氟离子速率很快,大部分吸附在5 min内完成;升高温度有利于氟离子吸附,吸附反应ΔH?为正,表明过程为吸热反应。Alumina power nanomaterials were prepared with aluminum chloride(AlCl_(3)·6H_(2)O)and sodium aluminate(NaAlO_(2))as raw materials,polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)as structural regulator by using hydrothermal reaction and high temperature calcination technology.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffractometer(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and N2adsorption/desorption were employed to characterize the crystal shape,morphology and pore structure of the product.The results show that the precursor obtained by hydrothermal reaction is AlOOH,which exhibits the flower-like morphology of nanosheet assembly.The product isη-Al_(2)O_(3)after calcination at 550℃,which shows a nanoparticle morphology with good dispersion.η-Al_(2)O_(3)Has a mesoporous structure,and theη-Al_(2)O_(3)regulated by PVP has a larger specific surface area(132.56 m^(2)/g)and pore volume(0.396 cm^(2)/g).The defluorination capacity ofη-Al_(2)O_(3)decreases first and then tends to equilibrium with the increase of solution pH.In addition,theη-Al_(2)O_(3)regulated by PVP has better defluorination performance than that of unmodified.The adsorption fluoride rate ofη-Al_(2)O_(3)is very fast,most of the adsorption process is completed within 5 min.Increasing temperature is beneficial to the adsorption of fluoride ions,the value ofΔH?is positive which indicating the adsorption process is an endothermic reaction.

关 键 词：介孔氧化铝 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 水热反应 吸附 氟离子 

分 类 号：TQ133.1[化学工程—无机化工] O614.3[理学—无机化学]