淡水水体中微塑料污染现状、检测方法及毒理性研究进展  

Advances in pollution, detection and toxicology of microplastics in fresh water

作　　者：王晓庆[1,2] 牛清雨 李鹏浩 李哲[1,2] 王琼[1,2] 郭林[3] 万俊锋[1,2] 郭笑盈[1,2] WANG Xiao-qing;NIU Qing-yu;LI Peng-hao;LI Zhe;WANG Qiong;GUO Lin;WAN Jun-feng;GUO Xiao-ying(School of Ecological and Environmental,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;International Joint Laboratory of Environment and Resources,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Henan Institute of Geological Survey,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学生态与环境学院,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州大学环境与资源国际联合实验室,河南郑州450001 [3]河南省地质调查院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《应用化工》2023年第2期551-556,共6页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41601524,41701545,21706241);河南省自然资源厅科技攻关项目(豫自然资函[2021]157号-9)。

摘　　要：通过调研,总结了近年来国内淡水体系中微塑料丰度以及国际上微塑料生物毒性的研究进展。针对微塑料的分析和鉴定方法仍然有较多局限性,完善技术方法对研究微塑料在环境介质中的聚集和迁移过程有重要意义。建立微塑料及其复合污染体系的生态毒理学评估方法和丰富基础数据库将是未来该领域的热点。学者专家应结合国际前沿科学问题和分析鉴定难点,完善塑料制品的回收和废物管理,加强环境中微塑料浓度的检测,探究微塑料污染物在不同营养级之间的传递效率和食物网中的转移,不断完善微塑料及其复合污染物的生物毒性效应与生态毒理学机制。The abundance of microplastics in freshwater systems in China and the biotoxicity of microplastics in the world were reviewed.The analysis and identification methods of microplastics still have many limitations.Improving technical methods is of great significance for studying the aggregation and migration process of microplastics in environmental media.The establishment of an ecotoxicological assessment methods for microplastics and its compound pollution system and the enrichment of basic database will be a hot spot in this field in the future.Scholars and experts should combine international front scientific issues and analysis and identification difficulties, improve the recycling and waste management of plastic products, strengthen the detection of the concentration of microplastics in the environment, and explore the transfer efficiency of microplastics pollutants between different nutritional levels, continuously improve the biological toxicity effects and ecotoxicological mechanisms of microplastics and their compound pollutants.

关 键 词：淡水 微塑料 丰度 采集与检测 毒性 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X503