1981—2018年新疆草地归一化植被指数时空特征及其对气候变化的响应  

Spatio-temporal characteristics of Xinjiang grassland NDVI and its response to climate change from 1981 to 2018

作　　者：陈春波[1,2] 李刚勇 彭建 CHEN Chunbo;LI Gangyong;PENG Jian(State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;Joint Laboratory for Remote Sensing Observation of Grassland Ecosystem in Arid Area,Urumqi 830049,China;Xinjiang Grassland Technical Promotion Station,Urumqi 830049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]干旱区草地生态系统遥感监测实验室,乌鲁木齐830049 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区草原总站,乌鲁木齐830049

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第4期1537-1552,共16页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：2020年自治区创新环境(人才、基地)建设专项(天山青年计划)(2020Q084);2020年自治区创新环境(人才、基地)建设专项—自然科学计划(自然科学基金)青年科学基金项目(2020D01B57);2021年中央财政林业草原生态保护恢复资金(草原生态修复治理补助)项目(XJCYZZ202104);2020年第一批中央财政林业草原生态保护恢复资金(草原生态修复治理补助)项目(XJCYZZ202001)。

摘　　要：在新疆开展长时间序列的草地监测,分析草地生长的时空变化特征,有利于草地环境压力分析和草地生态健康预测。以NOAA-AVHRR NDVI为数据源,采用最大值合成、一元回归分析与相关性分析,分别在年际尺度和多个空间尺度(全疆、南北疆与各地区及其11种草地类型)上探讨了1981—2018年新疆草地归一化植被指数(NDVI)时空特征及其对气温、降水的响应。结果表明:(1)1981—2018年,新疆草地NDVI多年均值0.326,变化范围0.259—0.386,具有轻微年际波动特征;(2)北疆、南疆草地NDVI均表现为轻微增加趋势;全疆占草地总面积41%的区域NDVI呈显著增加趋势,9%为显著减少区域,北疆草地NDVI显著增加的面积是南疆的1.7倍;(3)由于垂直地带性及区域差异,新疆草地NDVI由山区向盆地的荒漠降低;北疆草地NDVI是南疆1.4倍,总体上北疆各地区草地NDVI高于南疆各地区;(4)草地类型植被NDVI对降水的显著响应高于气温,其中温性荒漠类、温性荒漠草原类与温性草原类草地NDVI对降水变化的响应明显高于其余草地类型,降水对草地NDVI的影响更为显著,表明降水引起的地表水分变化是草地植被生长的重要限制因子。Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(Xinjiang) locates in the arid region of Northwest China. Xinjiang includes 11 grassland types and is one of the five largest pastoral areas in China's Mainland. Due to climate change and drastic in human activities, we should more focus on grassland ecological security and health. It is necessary to carry out long time series grassland observation based on remote sense. Then, we could further explore spatio-temporal features of grassland, and analyze current environmental pressure on grassland and predict the trend of grassland ecological health. Here, this research was designed to explore spatiotemporal dynamic characteristics of Xinjiang grassland Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) on different spatial scales(e.g., Xinjiang, northern and southern Xinjiang, 14 administrative districts and 11 natural grassland types) based on NOAA-AVHRR NDVI dataset from 1981 through 2018, with the method of descriptive statistics, maximum synthesis, and linear regression, respectively. We also analyzed the response of natural grassland NDVI to climate change(e.g., temperature and precipitation) due to correlation and partial correlation. The results illustrate that NDVI of grassland in Xinjiang showed the spatial and temporal variation during the past 40 years, and the responses of Xinjiang grassland NDVI to temperature and precipitation were different. The NDVI of grassland vegetation in Xinjiang showed a slight increase trend with slight interannual fluctuations from 1981 to 2018. After 2000, the interannual variation of grassland NDVI was further decreased. Overall, the Xinjiang grassland NDVI decreased gradually from Ili River Valley, Tianshan Mountains, western Junggar Mountains, Altai Mountains and Kunlun Mountains to Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin. The grassland NDVI, which accounted for 41% of the total grassland area in Xinjiang, showed a significant increase trend. However, 9% of Xinjiang grassland NDVI was a significant decrease trend. Although the grassland NDVI in northern a

关 键 词：新疆草地 时空特征 归一化植被指数(NDVI) 气候变化 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]