黄土高原土壤水分-有机碳-微生物耦合作用研究进展  

Advances in soil moisture-carbon-microbe coupling on the Loess Plateau, China

作　　者：杨阳 刘良旭[1,4] 张萍萍 吴凡 周媛媛[1,2,3] 宋怡 王云强[1,2,3] 安韶山 YANG Yang;LIU Liangxu;ZHANG Pingping;WU Fan;ZHOU Yuanyuan;SONG Yi;WANG Yunqiang;AN Shaoshan(State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology,Institute of Earth Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710061,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change,Xi'an 710061,China;National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone and Terrestrial Surface Flux on the Loess Plateau,Xi'an 710061,China;Urat Desert-grassland Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Science,Lanzhou 730000,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,西安710061 [2]中国科学院第四纪科学与全球变化卓越创新中心,西安710061 [3]陕西黄土高原地球关键带国家野外科学观测研究站,西安710061 [4]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院乌拉特荒漠草原研究站,兰州730000 [5]西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,杨凌712100

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第4期1714-1725,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(42107282);黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLLQG1915);黄土第四纪地质国家重点实验室培育项目(SKLLQGPY2004);陕西省自然科学基金面上项目(2021JM-213)。

摘　　要：黄土高原植被恢复后土壤水分、有机碳和微生物群落发生了非同步性演变。土壤微生物是各种生命活动的载体,在土壤水-碳耦合过程中参与了一系列的氧化与还原反应,因此,土壤微生物在水-碳耦合关键过程中起着重要的调节作用,三者存在着密切的耦合关系。尽管关于植被恢复后土壤水分和有机碳变化的研究已开展较多,但是由于土壤微生物活动和群落结构复杂性和易变性,这给土壤微生物介导的水-碳耦合研究带来了相当大的困难。迄今为止,黄土高原植被恢复后土壤水、碳、微生物三者之间的耦合关系缺乏总体性的融合,大多数研究只能假设各个生物化学过程是相对独立的,对土壤水、碳、微生物耦合的认知仍存在局限性。由此,首先对黄土高原植被恢复进程、土壤水分过程和有机碳变化分别进行了综述,结合已有的理论和证据进一步概括了黄土高原土壤有机碳、微生物群落对降水格局的响应。最后整合植被、土壤和微生物界面等关键生态过程,总结了黄土高原土壤水-碳-微生物耦合界面过程,采用HYDRUS-2D模型(水文过程模型)和ORCHIDEE模型(生态系统碳模型),并融入土壤微生物种群生长动态,基于稳定碳、水同位素技术和DNA探针技术,初步构建了黄土高原土壤水-碳-微生物耦合模型框架,有利于实现土壤水、碳、微生物各界面调控过程的准确模拟与精确刻画,为黄土高原植被恢复过程中生态环境的可持续发展及其对气候变化的应对模式提供科学理论支撑。Soil organic carbon, soil water and microbial community changed asynchronously under vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau. Soil microbial community was the carrier of various life activities and mediated carbon-water coupling process. By the process of oxidation and reduction reaction, the soil microbial community played a key role in regulating water/carbon coupling. Although numerous studies have been studied soil organic carbon and water content induced by vegetation restoration, due to the variability and complexity of the association between soil microbial activity and community structure, the study of soil microbial community mediated water-carbon coupling has largely unknown. So far, the couplings among soil water, carbon and microbial community after vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau still lacks overall integration. Most of studies only assumed that each biochemical process was relatively independent, which made our cognition of the couplings of water, carbon and microbial had great limitations. In this review, the vegetation restoration process and soil organic carbon change on the Loess Plateau were reviewed, and the responses of soil organic carbon and microbial community to precipitation patterns were summarized based on the existing theories and evidence. Finally, by integrating key ecological processes such as atmospheric, vegetation, soil and microbial interfaces, a soil water-carbon-microbial coupling framework was constructed and integrated into ORCHIDEE(ecosystem carbon model) and HYDRUS-2D(hydrological process model). Based on stable carbon and water isotope technology and DNA probe technology, the coupling model of soil water-carbon-microorganism on the Loess Plateau was preliminarily constructed, which would help to cope with global extreme climate change and realize the sustainable development of the Loess Plateau.

关 键 词：黄土高原 水碳耦合 微生物群落 界面过程 模型模拟 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]