一种基于孔板压差原理的流量控制系统  

Flow control system based on pressure difference of orifice plates principle

作　　者：张白[1] 魏栋梁 孙佳佳 张宏信 孔德超[1] 曹威 ZHANG Bai;WEI Dong-liang;SUN Jia-jia;ZHANG Hong-xin;KONG De-chao;CAO Wei(School of Electrical Information Engineering,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]北方民族大学电气信息工程学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《机电工程》2023年第3期461-467,共7页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52065002)。

摘　　要：为了解决海拔与温湿度因素影响气体流量采集精度的问题,在研究了孔板压差流量控制原理、温湿度和大气压对气体采集流量精度影响的基础上,提出了一种基于孔板压差流量法的流量控制系统。首先,设计了流量孔板结构,开发了数据信号采集与信号放大电路,对传统温湿度流量补偿公式进行了改进,提高了不同环境条件下的孔板流量测量精度;然后,基于脉宽调制(PWM)的气泵控制算法,设计了比例-积分-微分(PID)参数动态调节算法和压差零点自校准方法;设计了人机交互界面,完成了采样流量、孔板大小和压差传感器量程参数的灵活设置;最后,为了验证流量控制系统的精度,研制了流量控制系统样机,并开展了系统实验。实验及研究结果表明:所开发的流量控制系统示值误差在1.12%以内,符合尘埃粒子计数器流量校准规范的要求,克服了由于环境因素导致气体采集流量误差大的问题,在尘埃粒子计数器领域具有较好的应用价值。In order to solve the problem that altitude and temperature and humidity factors affect the gas flow collection accuracy,on the basis of studying the principle of orifice pressure differential flow control,the influence of temperature and humidity and atmospheric pressure on the gas collection flow accuracy,a flow control system based on orifice differential pressure flow method was proposed.Firstly,the structure of orifice plate was designed,the data acquisition and signal amplification circuit were developed,and the traditional temperature and humidity flow compensation formula was improved to enhance the measurement accuracy of orifice flow under different environmental conditions.Then,based on the pulse width modulation(PWM)air pump control algorithm,the proportional,integral and differential(PID)parameter dynamic adjustment algorithm and the differential pressure zero point self-calibration method were designed;the human-computer interfaces were designed to realize the flexible setting of sampling flow,orifice plate size and range parameters of differential pressure sensor.Finally,in order to verify the accuracy of the flow control system,a prototype of the flow control system was developed and a system experiment was carried out.The experimental and research results show that the indication error of the developed flow control system is within 1.12%,which meets the requirements of the flow calibration specification of the dust particle counter,overcomes the problem of large error of the gas collected flow caused by environmental factors,and it has a good application value in the field of dust particle counter.

关 键 词：尘埃粒子计数器 气体流量采集精度 孔板流量控制 大气压 数据采集 压差零点自动校准 

分 类 号：TH814[机械工程—仪器科学与技术] TP273[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]