考虑风场影响的城市建筑区产流计算方法  

Runoff calculation method of urban built- up areas considering the impact of wind

作　　者：高希超 王浩 杨志勇[1,2] 高凯 牟亚莉[1,2] GAO Xichao;WANG Hao;YANG Zhiyong;GAO Kai;MOU Yali(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,Beijing 100038,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《水科学进展》2023年第1期88-101,共14页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51879274;52209044)。

摘　　要：风场作用下城市建筑物的遮挡作用直接影响区域产流过程,为提高城市雨洪模拟精度,需揭示风场作用下建筑区的独特产流机理并构建相应的计算方法。将建筑区的产流面划分为水平面和竖直面,基于计算流体力学理论求解降雨倾角,结合几何关系确定降雨在水平面和竖直面上的分布,通过产流理论分别计算2类产流面的产流,提出建筑区的产流计算方法,并将其耦合入SWMM模型在试验流域进行了验证。结果表明:(1)改动模型所模拟的径流的纳什效率系数整体高于原始SWMM模型,且洪峰模拟效果更好;(2)改动模型的土壤饱和导水率等关键参数取值更为合理;(3)改动模型对不同气象条件下建筑区产流模拟的稳定性更好。该方法可提高建筑区产流模拟精度。The shielding effect of urban buildings under the action of wind field directly affects the process of precipitation runoff.To improve the accuracy of urban stormwater simulation, it is necessary to uncover the unique runoff characteristics of built-up areas under the action of wind field and establish corresponding calculation methods.The runoff surface of built-up areas was divided into horizontal and vertical runoff surfaces, and the rainfall inclination angle caused by the wind field was calculated based on computational fluid dynamics theory.Geometric relationships were integrated to determine the distribution of inclined rainfall on the horizontal and vertical runoff surfaces.Based on the runoff theory, the runoff of the two types of runoff surfaces was calculated and formed the runoff calculation method of built-up areas.The method was coupled into the storm water management model(SWMM) and verified in the experimental watershed.The results showed that:(1) the modified SWMM had higher Nash model efficiency coefficient than the original SWMM,and simulated flood peak better;(2) the values of some key parameters, such as soil saturated conductivity, obtained via the modified model were more appropriate;(3) the modified model was more stable for runoff simulation of built-up areas under different meteorological conditions.Therefore, this method can improve the simulation accuracy of runoff in built-up areas.

关 键 词：产流 城市建筑区 倾斜降雨 风场 

分 类 号：TV11[水利工程—水文学及水资源]