民勤荒漠梭梭茎干液流动态  

Dynamic changes in the sap flow of Haloxylon ammodendron in the Minqin desert region

作　　者：张锦春 徐先英[1,2,3] 孙学兵 郭树江[1,2,3] 强玉泉[4] 闫沛迎 赵艳丽[2,3] 段晓峰 柳小平 马福元 ZHANG Jinchun;XU Xianying;SUN Xuebing;GUO Shujiang;QIANG Yuquan;YAN Peiying;ZHAO Yanli;DUAN Xiaofeng;LIU Xiaoping;MA Fuyuan(Minqin National Research Station for Desert Steppe Ecosystem,Minqin 733300,Gansu,China;State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating,Wuwei 733000,Gansu,China;Gansu Desert Control Research Institute,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;College of forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃民勤733300 [2]甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室,甘肃武威733000 [3]甘肃省治沙研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [4]甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草业科学》2023年第1期169-178,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“基于非称量蒸渗仪梭梭个体和林分蒸散机理及其蒸散量耦合模拟”(31860238);国家自然科学基金“荒漠梭梭固沙林蒸散耗水组分拆分与模型构建”(32260425);甘肃省林业科技计划自列项目“民勤非称量蒸渗仪自动化监测系统研制与应用”。

摘　　要：梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)耗水过程研究是维持干旱区人工固沙林生存和生长的关键环节,本研究基于热扩散(TDP)监测技术获取民勤生长季梭梭茎干液流实时数据,分析梭梭茎干液流动态,为明晰梭梭生长过程的耗水提供重要佐证。结果表明:梭梭茎干液流流速随林龄生长而增大,也随着梭梭老龄化生长衰退而减弱,10龄、15龄、20龄梭梭茎干日平均液流流速分别为1.059、1.460和0.570 cm^(3)·(cm^(2)·h)^(-1),5月-10月生长季累计液流量分别为423.386、1 041.186和430.212 kg。梭梭茎干液流随梭梭地径增粗而增大,不同茎级梭梭茎干日平均液流流速介于0.276~2.132 cm^(3)·(cm^(2)·h)^(-1),生长季累计液流量介于121.656~1 722.810 kg。不同龄林梭梭液流以大径级梭梭启动时间早,持续时间长,峰值高,液流启动时间07:00-08:00,日均最大液流流速2.767~5.536 cm^(3)·(cm^(2)·h)^(-1),日最大液流流速出现时间随林龄生长延迟了1.5~4.0 h。不同龄林梭梭液流变化反映了梭梭生长耗水过程及其对干旱环境的响应,而不同径级梭梭液流变化反映了梭梭个体生长差异也存在明显的竞争优势。分析结果可为荒漠梭梭固沙林生态用水估算提供理论支撑。Investigating the water consumption process of Haloxylon ammodendron is important for promoting the survival and growth of artificial sand-fixation forests in arid areas. In this paper, thermal diffusion(TDP) monitoring technology was used to obtain real-time sap flow data for H. ammodendron in the growth season in Minqin, and then dynamic changes in the sap flow were analyzed to provide important evidence for clarifying the water consumption during the growth process of H.ammodendron. The result was showed that the sap flow of H. ammodendron initially increased with age and then declined.The average sap flow velocity at 10, 15, and 20 years of age was 1.059, 1.460, and 0.570 cm^(3)·(cm^(2)·h)^(-1), and the accumulative liquid flow quality in the growth season from May to October was 423.386, 1 041.186, and 430.212 kg, respectively. The sap flow of H. ammodendron increased as the ground diameter thickened, and the maximum fluid flow period was delayed with the growth of H. ammodendron forests. The average sap flow velocity at the different stem levels was 0.276~ 2.132cm^(3)·(cm^(2)·h)^(-1), and the cumulative liquid flow quality in the growing season was 121.656~1 722.810 kg. The sap flow of H.ammodendron in the large diameter class had an early start time, long duration, high peak value, which was observed between 07:00 and 08:00, and maximum flow velocity varied in a range of 2.767~5.536 cm^(3)·(cm^(2)·h)^(-1);moreover, the daily maximum liquid flow rate was delayed by 1.5~4.0 h with increases in forest age. The sap flow changes of H. ammodendron in different age groups reflected the process of water consumption and its response to a drought-prone environment, while those at different diameters indicated that the growth of individual H. ammodendron trees has obvious competitive advantages. The analysis results can provide theoretical support for the estimation of ecological water use in H.ammodendron sand-fixation forests in desert areas.

关 键 词：荒漠梭梭 液流 动态变化 人工固沙林 耗水 生态用水 民勤 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]