高压缩比湍流射流点火发动机负荷拓展及性能优化  

Load Expansion and Performance Optimization of a Turbulent Jet Ignition Engine Under High Compression Ratio

作　　者：周磊[1] 刘宗宽 任海将[2] 孙柏林[2] 陈晓东[2] 卫海桥[1] Zhou Lei;Liu Zongkuan;Ren Haijiang;Sun Bolin;Chen Xiaodong;Wei Haiqiao(State Key Laboratory of Engines,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;Guangxi Yuchai Machinery Company Limited,Yulin 537005,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学内燃机燃烧学国家重点实验室,天津300350 [2]广西玉柴机器股份有限公司,广西玉林537005

出　　处：《内燃机学报》2023年第2期106-112,共7页Transactions of Csice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(91741119);船用低速机工程(一期)研制资助项目(CDGC01-KT0308)。

摘　　要：稀薄燃烧可以提高发动机效率并降低排放,而湍流射流点火(TJI)是一种能够实现稀薄燃烧稳定点火的技术.笔者基于一台压缩比为13.0的单缸、四冲程汽油机,开展了TJI汽油机小负荷和大负荷极限的拓展研究,并结合试验提出一种全负荷运行策略.在大负荷拓展方面,采用进气增压的策略;在小负荷拓展方面,对比了质调节和量调节两种方式.结果表明:进气增压可拓展TJI发动机的大负荷极限,增压后发动机指示平均有效压力(IMEP)上限可以拓展至1.06 MPa,且指示燃油消耗率(ISFC)降低.小负荷运行工况下,量调节方式在燃油经济性与排放方面均明显优于质调节,主要因为过于稀薄的混合气不利于火焰传播,小负荷工况下需保证一定的混合气浓度以实现高效燃烧.最后,提出一种不同负荷的运行优化策略以实现TJI发动机在全负荷工况下高效运行.Lean combustion can improve engine efficiency and reduce emissions,while turbulent jet ignition(TJI)is a technology that can achieve stable ignition of lean mixture. Based on a single-cylinder four-stroke TJI gasoline engine with a compression ratio of 13.0,an expansion of light-load and high-load limits was experimentally studied and a full-load operation strategy was proposed. In terms of high-load expansion,the strategy of intake boosting was adopted. In terms of light-load expansion,the effects of both quality adjustment strategy and quantity adjustment strategy were compared. The results show that the intake boosting can expand the high-load limit of the TJI engine. After the intake boosting strategy is adopted,the upper limit of the indicated mean effective pressure(IMEP) of the engine can be expanded to 1.06 MPa,and the indicated specific fuel consumption(ISFC) is reduced. Under light-load operating conditions,the quantity adjustment strategy is significantly better than the quality adjustment strategy in terms of fuel economy and emissions. The main reason is that too lean mixture is not conducive to flame propagation under light-load conditions,a certain concentration of the mixture must be ensured to achieve efficient combustion. Finally,a TJI engine operation strategy was proposed to realize the efficient operation of the TJI engine under full range of load conditions.

关 键 词：汽油机 稀薄燃烧 湍流射流点火 负荷极限拓展 

分 类 号：TK431[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]