频繁点动造成溜钩现象分析与解决方案  

Analysis and solution of hook gliding caused by frequent inching

作　　者：池永兵 Chi Yongbing

机构地区：[1]北京市特种设备检验检测研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《起重运输机械》2023年第5期68-72,共5页Hoisting and Conveying Machinery

摘　　要：起重机起升机构在负载情况下频繁点动操作有时会出现溜钩现象。发生溜钩时,轻者造成起重机制动器失灵失效,电气元件损坏等故障,增加维修成本,生产效率下降。重者导致吊装设备损坏,甚至出现人员安全风险,损失不可估量。频繁点动操作导致制动器机械故障或电气故障是造成溜钩故障的主要原因,设备选型与使用工况不匹配,工作级别低于实际使用等级也是造成故障的主要因素。文中通过某单位起重机溜钩故障现象的分析,优化起重机起升机构设计,匹配起重机整机工作级别,增加制动能力,改变电动机控制方式为矢量变频控制等方案,有效解决了频繁点动造成的设备故障。The hoisting mechanism of crane frequently performs inching operation under load, so sometimes hook gliding occurs. Hook gliding not only easily leads to failures such as brake failure of crane and damage of electrical components,but also increases maintenance cost and reduces production efficiency, and even leads to damage of hoisting equipment and casualties, with incalculable losses. The mechanical failure or electrical failure of brake caused by frequent inching operation is the main reason for the failure of hook gliding, and the mismatch between equipment selection and working conditions and the lower working level than the actual working level are also the main reasons for the failure. Through the analysis of crane hook failure in a certain unit, the design of crane hoisting mechanism is optimized, the working level of the whole crane is matched, the braking ability is improved, and the motor control mode is changed to vector frequency conversion control,which can effectively avoid equipment failures caused by frequent inching.

关 键 词：起重机 工作级别 点动 溜钩 矢量变频 

分 类 号：TH218[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]