水下航行体减阻技术综述  

Review of Drag-Reduction Techniques for Underwater Vehicles

作　　者：崔乃刚[1] 陈亮[1] 曹伽牧 白瑜亮[1] CUI Naigang;CHEN Liang;CAO Jiamu;BAI Yuliang(School of Astronautics,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学航天学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《宇航总体技术》2023年第1期1-13,共13页Astronautical Systems Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62004051)。

摘　　要：空/水跨介质飞行器经空中飞抵目标水域后高速入水,对目标实施快速打击,具有隐蔽性好、突防能力强等特点。但在水下航行中,固/液界面阻力及绕流流场变化等问题严重影响了航行速度与稳定性。减小航行体表面阻力干扰、流场优化是保障水下高速稳定航行的关键。旨在探讨适用于水下高速航行体的表面减阻与流场优化方法,对表面微结构减阻、超疏水表面减阻、超空泡减阻和微气泡减阻4种最具代表性的固/液界面减阻技术进行论述,分析各种减阻技术的机理与应用可行性,探讨适用于水下高速航行体的减阻技术发展方向。The air-water trans-medium aircraft can enter the water at high speed and attack the target swiftly after flying to the target water region with powerful breakthrough defense capabilities as well as excellent concealment.However,in underwater navigation,problems such as the resistance of the solid/liquid interface and the change of flow field around the vehiclehave a severe impact on navigation speed and stability.Thus,the key to ensuring high-speed and stable underwater navigation is reducingsurface resistance interference and optimizing the flow field.This work seeks to discuss the flow field optimization technique and surface drag-reduction technology appropriate for underwater high-speed vehicles.Hence,here we choose four of the most representative and promising drag reduction methods for detailed description,namely surface microstructures,superhydrophobic surfaces,supercavitation and microbubbles.Additionally,the mechanism and application feasibility of various drag reduction technologies are analyzed.Meanwhile,we also discuss the development direction of drag-reduction technology suitable for high-speed underwater vehicles.

关 键 词：水下减阻 微结构 超疏水表面 超空泡 微气泡 

分 类 号：O3[理学—力学]