辽吉侧金盏花的开花特性和繁育系统  

Flowering Characteristics and Breeding System of Adonis ramose

作　　者：何淼[1] 张紫馥 臧帅彤 尹雪[1] 孟儒 孙颖[1] He Miao;Zhang Zifu;Zang Shuaitong;Yin Xue;Meng Ru;Sun Ying(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第3期54-59,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572017CA13);上海农林职业技术学院中青年领军人才项目(A2-0265-21-00-15)。

摘　　要：通过长期对辽吉侧金盏花的开花物候期和单花开放动态、花部特征、不同开花期的花粉活力及柱头可授性、繁育系统类型和访花昆虫进行观测。结果表明:辽吉侧金盏花花期从3月下旬开始,4月中旬结束,单花花期为5~17 d,雌雄异熟;开花第2天花药开裂,花粉散出,此时的花粉活力最大,花粉活力为68.21%,开花第4天起,花粉活力开始显著降低;柱头在开花当天即具有可授性,开花第2天可授性达到最强,并且维持3 d左右;辽吉侧金盏花的杂交指数为3,花粉胚珠比为1 987,辽吉侧金盏花繁育系统类型为兼性异交;访花昆虫主要有东方蜜蜂、黄钩蛱蝶、食蚜蝇等,其中东方蜜蜂为主要传粉者。Long-term observation was conducted on the flowering phenology, single flowering dynamics, floral syndrome, pollen viability and stigma receptivity, breeding systems and flower-visiting insects of Adonis ramosa. The result showed that the blooming period started in late March and ended in mid-April, with a single flower bloominglasting 5-17 d. Adonis ramosa wasdioecious. On 2ndblooming day, the anthers dehisced and pollens were spread out, and the pollens viability reached the highest 68.21%. Since 4thblooming day, the pollen vitality began to decrease significantly. The stigma was receptive on the first blooming day. The receptivity reached the strongest on 2ndday and lasted for about 3 d. The hybridization index of A. ramosa was 3. The pollen to ovule ratio was 1987. The breeding system of Adonis ramosa was parthenogenetic. Theflower visiting insects were mainly Apis cerana, Polygoina caureum and Syrphidae sp., among which, Apis cerana was the important pollinator.

关 键 词：辽吉侧金盏花 开花特性 繁育系统 

分 类 号：S682.19[农业科学—观赏园艺]