污泥制有机营养土养分释放规律及对国槐的效应  

Nutrient Release of Organic Nutrient Soil from Sludge and Its Effect on Sophora japonica

作　　者：祁文俊 彭祚登[1] 王凯[1] 孙昱 王海东 于凌霄 Qi Wenjun;Peng Zuodeng;Wang Kai;Sun Yu;Wang Haidong;Yu Lingxiao(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,P.R.China;Forestry Station of Daxing District,Beijing)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083 [2]北京市大兴区林业站

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第3期97-102,135,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家发改委环境污染第三方治理“北京市污泥资源化苗圃种植项目”;北京排水集团污泥资源化苗圃种植项目(2017HXFWLXY023)。

摘　　要：为探究污泥制有机营养土养分释放特征及其施用后对国槐的养分作用效果,以污泥制有机营养土为试验材料,采用尼龙网袋法,对土壤深度(h)为0<h≤20 cm和20 cm<h≤40 cm的2个土层取样,定期监测袋内物质及成分的变化。同时,以国槐人工林为对象,采用完全随机区组试验设计,选设6个施用量水平(CK(0)、T1(15 kg·株^(-1))、T2(30 kg·株^(-1))、T3(45 kg·株^(-1))、T4(60 kg·株^(-1))、T5(75 kg·株^(-1))),监测国槐生长效果。结果表明:污泥制有机营养土在2个土层分解速率规律均为先快后慢,埋放在20 cm<h≤40 cm土层的污泥制有机营养土分解速率更快。0<h≤20 cm和20 cm<h≤40 cm土层的污泥制有机营养土有机质经过6个月的分解后,残留率分别为26.72%和23.53%。N元素在污泥制有机营养土埋放后的6个月内大量释放,释放规律为先快后慢;P元素残留率在最初的1.5个月大幅度上升,半年的生长期内P元素残留率均高于初始;K元素释放最为彻底,1.5个月时分解了约70.00%。T3、T4处理对国槐胸径、材积生长促进效果比较明显;T4、T5处理有利于国槐叶片叶绿素的合成。施用污泥制有机营养土1 a后,国槐叶片的氮、磷、钾元素质量分数没有明显上升,N元素和K元素质量分数甚至均低于对照。2个土层的污泥制有机营养土分解速率均为先快后慢,埋放在20 cm<h≤40 cm土层的污泥制有机营养土分解速率更快。适量施用污泥制有机营养土有利于国槐胸径、材积生长和叶绿素积累,但对叶片养分元素积累无促进作用。This study was conducted to explore the nutrient release characteristics of the sludge organic nutrient soil and its effect on Sophora japonica after application. Sludge organic nutrient soil was used as test material and nylon mesh bag method was used to take samples from the soil depth ( h ) 0< h ≤20 cm and 20 cm< h ≤40 cm soil layers, and the changes of substances and components in the bags were monitored regularly;six application levels were selected in a randomized block experiment design to monitor the growth effect of S. japonica plantation. The decomposition rate of the sludge organic nutrient soil in both soil layers was first fast, and then slow, and the decomposition rate of the sludge organic nutrient soil buried in the soil depth ( h ) 20 cm< h ≤40 cm soil layer was faster, and the residual rates of organic matter in the two soil layers were 26.72% and 23.53% after 6-month decomposition, respectively. N element was released in large quantities within 6 months after the sludge organic nutrient soil was buried, and the release pattern was fast first and then slow. The residual rate of P element increased greatly in the first 1.5 months, and was higher than the initial rate in half a year. K element was released most completely, decomposed by about 70% within 1.5 months. The treatments of 45 and 60 kg ind.^(-1) had obvious promoting effect on the growth of DBH and volume of S. japonica , and the treatments of 60 and 75 kg ind.^(-1) were beneficial to the synthesis of chlorophyll in S. japonica leaves. After one year of application of the sludge organic nutrient, the contents of N, P and K in S. japonica leaves did not increase significantly, and the contents of N and K were even lower than those of the control. Thus, the decomposition rate of the sludge organic nutrient in both soil layers was first fast and then slow, and the decomposition rate of the sludge organic nutrient buried in 20-40 cm soil layer was faster. The release law of N element first increases and then slows down. The residual ra

关 键 词：污泥制有机营养土 养分释放 国槐 养分作用 

分 类 号：S792.26[农业科学—林木遗传育种]