身份差异与话语共谋:晚清民国时期“文学话”批评形态论  

Identity Difference and Discourse Cooperation:A Study on the Critical Form of“Notes and Comments on Literature”in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China

作　　者：杨瑞峰 YANG Rui-feng(School of Chinese Languages and Literatures,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,730020;Department of Chinese Literature,Fudan University,Shanghai,200433)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学文学院 [2]复旦大学中国语言文学系

出　　处：《云南社会科学》2023年第2期169-179,共11页Social Sciences in Yunnan

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“民国古典文学研究史大系编纂与研究”(项目号:20&ZD281);国家社会科学基金艺术学重大项目“中国传统艺术史知识体系研究”(项目号:21ZD08);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“话体文学批评的现代转型研究”(项目号:22YJC751041)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“文学话”是一种以传统话体文学批评的文体形式综论“文学”问题的文学批评体式。“文学话”的文体特质在其多元批评形态中得到了较为鲜明、全面的显现。通过历史漫溯与辩证分析确立“形态”一词的理解向度,从批评主体的角度对“文学话”的批评形态进行切分,是研究“文学话”批评形态的基本前提。作为“作家批评”的“文学话”以创造性、艺术性为核心追求,为相关作者正面评价古典文论,积极推动话体文学批评现代转型等学术实践奠定了观念基础。作为“大众批评”的“文学话”在一定程度上动摇了传统文学批评中知识精英的话语霸权,为“大众”进入文学批评场域提供了方便法门。对“文学话”的批评形态进行研究,有助于全面考察话体文学批评的现代转型,并进一步为建构具有中国性的文学批评话语体系提供历史经验与价值参照。“Notes and comments on literature”is a literary form of literary criticism that overviews“literature”issues in the form of traditional conversation-style literature criticism.The stylistic characteristics of“notes and comments on literature”are vividly and comprehensively presented in its multiple critical forms.The basic premise of the study on the critical form of the“notes and comments on literature”is to establish the understanding direction of the word“form”through historical outlines and dialectical analysis,and to divide the critical forms of“notes and comments on literature”from the perspective of the critical subject.For“notes and comments on literature”from writers,the core pursuit is creativity and artistry,which lays the conceptual foundation for the behaviours of relevant writers such as positive evaluation of classical literature and active promotion of the modern transformation of conversation-style literature criticism.The“notes and comments on literature”as“mass criticism”shakes the discourse hegemony of intellectual elites in traditional literary criticism to a certain extent,and provides a convenient way for the public to enter the field of literary criticism.The studies on the critical form of“notes and comments on literature”contribute to investigating the modern transformation of conversation-style literature criticism,as well as further providing historical experiences and value references for the construction of the current Chinese discourse system of literary criticism.

关 键 词：“文学话” 批评形态 作家批评 大众批评 

分 类 号：I207.62[文学—中国文学]