中国城市老年人社会经济地位、生产性老龄化与虚弱指数的相关研究  

Association Between Socioeconomic Status, Productive Aging, and Frailty Index in Urban Elderly Population in China

作　　者：祝欢 高博[1] 彭嘉怡 李星玥 ZHU Huan;GAO Bo;PENG Jia-yi;LI Xing-yue(Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine,West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院健康行为与社会医学系,成都610041

出　　处：《四川大学学报（医学版）》2023年第2期386-392,共7页Journal of Sichuan University(Medical Sciences)

摘　　要：目的 探讨社会经济地位和生产性老龄化对中国城市老人虚弱指数的影响,为提高其健康水平提供参考。方法 选用2018年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查数据,纳入60岁及以上城市老年人共1 890人。运用多元线性回归模型分析中国城市老年人生产性老龄化与虚弱指数的影响因素,并构建结构方程模型探讨社会经济地位、生产性老龄化和虚弱指数的关系。结果 社会经济地位高(β=0.082,P<0.001)的老年人,生产性老龄化水平更高;社会经济地位高(β=-0.091,P<0.001)和生产性老龄化水平高(β=-0.330,P<0.001)的老年人,其虚弱指数更低;生产性老龄化在社会经济地位与虚弱指数之间起中介作用(β=-0.259,95%CI:-0.380~-0.181)。结论 老年人的社会经济地位和生产性老龄化是虚弱指数的重要预测因素,应发挥政府主导型功能,鼓励老年人尤其是教育和收入水平低的老年人积极学习知识与技能,为老年人参与生产性活动提供支持。Objective To explore the impact of socioeconomic status and productive aging on the frailty index of urban elderly population in China, and to provide reference for improving their health level. Methods We obtained data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS) and included 1 890 urban elderly people aged 60 and over in the study. Multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of the productive aging and the frailty index of the urban elderly population in China. A structural equation model was constructed to explore the relationship between socioeconomic status, productive aging, and frailty index. Results Elderly people with high socioeconomic status(β=0.082, P<0.001) had higher level of productive aging. Elderly people with high socioeconomic status(β=-0.091, P<0.001) and high level of productive aging(β=-0.330, P<0.001) had lower frailty index. Productive aging played an intermediary role(β=-0.259, 95% CI:-0.380--0.181) between socioeconomic status and frailty index. Conclusion The socioeconomic status and productive aging of the elderly people are important predictors of their frailty index. The government should exert its leadership functions to encourage the elderly, especially those with low education and income levels, to actively learn knowledge and skills, and to provide support for the elderly to participate in productive activities.

关 键 词：社会经济地位 生产性老龄化 虚弱指数 老年人 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]