餐厨垃圾固渣DANO动态堆肥处理效果研究  

A PILOT-SCALE TEST OF DANO DYNAMIC COMPOSTING OF SOLID RESIDUE FROM FOOD WASTE

作　　者：屈阳 朱卫兵 常燕青 吴元 彭明国 顾晓涛 孙荣 QU Yang;ZHU Weibing;CHANG Yanqing;WU Yuan;PENG Mingguo;GU Xiaotao;SUN Rong(Welle Environmental Group Co.,Ltd,Changzhou 213125,China;School of Environmental&Safety Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China)

机构地区：[1]维尔利环保科技集团股份有限公司,江苏常州213125 [2]常州大学环境与安全工程学院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《环境工程》2022年第12期46-52,104,共8页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：江苏省科技成果转化专项资金(BA2020035);国家重点研发计划子课题(2018YFC190120503)。

摘　　要：分别采用中试规模的达诺滚筒(DANO)动态堆肥和静态发酵作为一、二次发酵工艺主体设备,为实际工程产生的餐厨固渣探究较适宜的参数控制条件。根据不同调理剂(木屑、稻草)、C/N和含水率参数。设置M1、M2、D1、D2和D3共计5个堆肥批次,通过理化指标、氨气挥发量、氧气含量、纤维素酶和蛋白酶含量等指标检测和最终肥料品质指标分析,揭示不同条件下餐厨固渣DANO动态堆肥处理效果。结果表明:1)环境温度在18.5~25.8℃,DANO一次发酵升温受环境影响较弱。木屑相较稻草总体上呈现升温速度慢、峰值温度高、堆肥持续时间长的特点。2)控制含水率为50.83%~60.30%,稻草堆体高温期温度都超过55℃,维持时间超过7 d。3)稻草堆体初始C/N控制在23~27内较为合理。综上,控制相关条件,堆肥周期可以控制在28~33 d。最终产品的C/N、含水率、总养分和pH等相关重要指标均符合NY/T 525—2021《有机肥料》标准的要求。The pilot-scale DANO and static fermentation were used as the main equipment of the primary and secondary fermentation process, respectively, and the appropriate control parameters were explored for the kitchen solid slag produced in the actual project. According to conditioners, C/N and moisture content, five batches of M1, M2, D1, D2 and D3 were set. Physicochemical indexes, ammonia volatilization, oxygen content, cellulase and protease content and final fertilizer quality indexes were detected to reveal the effect of DANO dynamic composting of kitchen solid residues under different conditions. The results showed that: 1) when the environmental temperature was in the range of 18.5 to 25.8 ℃, the temperature rise of the primary fermentation process of DANO was less affected by the environment. Compared with straw, sawdust had the characteristics of a slow heating rate, high peak temperature and long composting duration;2) when the moisture content was controlled to be 50% to 60%, the temperature of the straw pile body in the high-temperature period was more than 55 ℃, and the maintenance time was longer than 7 days;3) it was reasonable to control the initial C/N of the straw pile in the range of 23 to 27. To sum up, the composting cycle could be controlled in the range of 28 to 33 days by controlling the relevant conditions. Relevant important indexes including final product C/N, moisture content, total nutrient and pH all met the requirements of China’s Field Standard Organic Fertilizer(NY/T 525—2021)

关 键 词：餐厨垃圾 DANO 堆肥 肥效 氮素损失 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]