大型室内场所的通风结构优化与病毒扩散规律  

VENTILATION STRUCTURE OPTIMIZATION AND VIRUS SPREADING LAW IN LARGE INDOOR PLACES

作　　者：栾一刚[1] 张力敏 殷越 严蓝漪 吴雪 孙涛[1] LUAN Yigang;ZHANG Limin;YIN Yue;YAN Lanyi;WU Xue;SUN Tao(College of Power and Energy Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《环境工程》2022年第12期180-186,共7页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：病毒气溶胶在密闭舱室传播规律数值模拟及通风系统耦合(3072020CFT0301)。

摘　　要：大型室内场所中的人员密集,且内部空气流场复杂,研究以气溶胶为载体的病毒在大型封闭空间中的扩散规律,对预防传染病毒的传播具有重要意义。以2020年武汉抗疫期间由某体育场临时改装的方舱医院为研究对象,利用数值模拟的方法分析方舱中的空气流场,同时采用DPM模型(离散相颗粒模型)模拟了带有病毒的气溶胶颗粒在方舱中分布和扩散情况,并研究了自然通风、强制通风、风道配风和底部抽吸对颗粒分布的影响。数值模拟结果表明:在风道配风及底部抽吸的情况下,气溶胶扩散得到了有效抑制,且风道配风的风压为50 Pa时,具有最佳的病毒气溶胶排出效果。As for the limited space and complex air flow field in large indoor places, research on the spread of aerosol-borne viruses in such large enclosed spaces is of great significance for preventing spreading of infectious viruses. Taking a shelter hospital in Wuhan temporarily refitted from a stadium in the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020 as the research object, the air flow field in the shelter was analyzed by numerical simulation, and the DPM model(discrete phase particle model) was used to simulate the virus-carrying distribution and diffusion of aerosol particles in the shelter. The effects of natural ventilation, forced ventilation, air distribution in air ducts and bottom suction on particle distribution were also studied. The results of the numerical simulation showed that the aerosol diffusion was effectively suppressed, when the air distribution of the air duct was matched with the bottom suction, and when the wind pressure of the air distribution in the air duct was 50 kPa, the effect of particle removal was the best.

关 键 词：气溶胶 扩散 室内场所 通风结构 DPM模型 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TU834[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]