评估全球自然对人类的贡献  

Global assessment of nature’s contributions to people

作　　者：刘焱序 傅伯杰 王帅 Jonathan R.Rhodes 李琰 赵文武 李长嘉 周沙 王晨旭 Yanxu Liu;Bojie Fu;Shuai Wang;Jonathan R.Rhodes;Yan Li;Wenwu Zhao;Changjia Li;Sha Zhou;Chenxu Wang(State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology,Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,the University of Queensland,Brisbane Queensland 4072,Australia)

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology,Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China [2]State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China [3]School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,the University of Queensland,Brisbane Queensland 4072,Australia

出　　处：《Science Bulletin》2023年第4期424-435,M0004,共13页科学通报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0604701);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41991235);the Australian Research Council Future Fellowship(FT200100096);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China。

摘　　要：自然对人类的贡献(nature’s contributions to people,NCP)是指大自然对人类生活质量的一切积极贡献和消极影响,分为10个调节型NCP、4个物质型NCP和4个非物质型NCP.但目前这些NCP的全球时空分布及其相互作用规律尚不清楚,直接制约了加强自然界多种有益贡献的生态系统管理实践.本研究构建基于指标体系的评价方法,结合生态系统演变、气候变化与人类活动全球尺度多源空间数据集,在全球范围内对1990~2018年所有18个NCPs进行空间制图,在15,204个流域单元上识别主导了NCP组合,并基于NCPs时空特征识别了全球景观变化的功能权衡关系和景观多功能性.结果表明,全球大部分NCPs的高值仅在局地出现.1992~2018年,6个调节型NCP、3个物质型NCP和2个非物质型NCP下降.29种调节型和物质型NCP组合(总共有54种组合)的主导流域占全球76%的陆地面积,而无NCP主导的流域占全球陆地面积的22%.NCPs变化的协同关系比权衡关系更为常见,但调节型和物质型NCP之间的关系普遍处于权衡状态.过渡气候地区的NCP相对少,并具有强烈的权衡关系;而低纬度地区NCPs之间的高度协同关系可能受到未来气候变化的影响.研究结果提供了对全球NCP空间变化规律的总体认知,可用于科学支撑区域景观功能的关系调控和景观多功能性提升,以增强全球人类福祉.Synergistically maintain or enhance the numerous beneficial contributions of nature to the quality ofhuman life is an important but challenging question for achieving Sustainable Development Goals.However,the spatiotemporal distributions of global nature’s contributions to people(NCPs)and theirinteractions remain unclear.We built a rapid assessment indicator framework and produced the first spatially explicit assessment of all 18 NCPs at a global scale.The 18 global NCPs in 1992 and 2018 were globally assessed in 15,204 subbasins based on two spatial indicator dimensions,including nature’s potentialcontribution and the actual contribution to people.The results show that most of the high NCP values arehighly localized.From 1992 to 2018,6 regulating NCPs,3 material NCPs,and 2 nonmaterial NCPsdeclined;29 regulating-material NCP combinations(54 in total)dominated 76%of the terrestrial area,and the area with few NCPs accounted for 22%;and synergistic relationships were more common thantradeoff relationships,while the relationships among regulating and material NCPs generally tradedoff with each other.Transitional climate areas contained few NCPs and have strong tradeoff relationships.However,the high synergistic relationship among NCPs in low latitudes could be threatened by futureclimate change.These findings provide a general spatiotemporal understanding of global NCP distributions and can be used to interpret the biogeographic information in a functional way to support regionalcoordination and achieve landscape multifunctionality for the enhancement of human well-being.

关 键 词：Spatially explicit assessment Landscape multifunctionality Transitional climate areas Human well-being Global basins 

分 类 号：P90[天文地球—自然地理学]