新冠疫情背景下湖南生态旅游流的变化  

Changes in Ecotourism Flow in Hunan Province of China in the Context of COVID-19

作　　者：朱安妮 钟永德[2] 魏娟 ZHU Anni;ZHONG Yongde;WEI Juan(College of Forestry,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;College of Tourism,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学旅游学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2023年第2期276-288,共13页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：The Hunan Zhangjiajie Ecotourism National Long-term Scientific Research Base of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration(JD2020KF01).

摘　　要：新冠肺炎疫情背景下,基于旅游者数字足迹研究选取地理分布特征、节点特征和网络特征分析了疫情前后湖南省生态旅游流的变化。结果显示:(1)疫情改变了湖南省生态旅游流的空间分布格局,为推动湖南省全域旅游发展,疫后应着重思考如何正确处理湘西板块与其他旅游板块的旅游资源差异、旅游发展不平衡问题;(2)疫情引发了湖南省生态旅游流网络中部分节点的角色变化,后疫情时代,少数核心节点掌握大部分流量的情况有所缓解,具备良好自然风光的周边低密度生态旅游地更受疫后旅游者青睐;(3)疫情影响了湖南省生态旅游流网络的结构组成,生态旅游地之间的分离程度增加,旅游者对健康、安全的需求拉动湖南省生态旅游流朝着多节点、多区域发展。This study analyzed the changes in ecotourism flow in Hunan Province before and after the COVID-19 epidemic by obtaining the ecotourism route data for 2019 and 2020 from online tourism platforms such as wasp nest,poor travel,Ctrip,tuniu and qunar,and determining geographical distribution characteristics,node characteristics and network characteristics with the help of software such as UCINET,Netdraw and ArcGIS.The results revealed major changes in spatial distribution,the roles of nodes,and the structure and composition of the flow network.(1)COVID-19 has changed the spatial distribution pattern of ecotourism flows in Hunan Province.Under the influence of the epidemic,the spatial geographical concentration trend in Hunan Province decreased from 30.42 in 2019 to 28.94 in 2020,the flow in the North weakened,and the hot spots shifted to the south.In order to promote the development of global tourism in Hunan Province,we should focus on how to correctly handle the differences in tourism resources and the imbalance in tourism development between the Xiangxi region and other tourism regions.(2)The COVID-19 epidemic triggered changes of the roles of some nodes in the ecotourism flow network in Hunan Province.The comprehensive efficiency value of the node decreased from 266 to 222,indicating that crisis events such as the epidemic have caused damage to the ecotourism flow in Hunan Province,and the surrounding low-density ecotourism sites with good natural scenery have become more favored by tourists after the COVID-19 epidemic.(3)The COVID-19 situation has affected the structure and composition of the ecotourism flow network in Hunan Province.The overall network density of ecotourism flow in Hunan Province increased from 0.18 to 0.14,the degree of separation between ecotourism destinations increased,and tourists’demand for health and safety has driven the development of ecotourism flow in Hunan Province towards multinode and multiregional characteristics.

关 键 词：旅游流 新冠肺炎疫情 生态旅游 数字足迹 旅游者 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理]