国家森林公园生态旅游资源非使用价值支付意愿探讨  

Tourists’Willingness to Pay for the Non-use Values of Ecotourism Resources in a National Forest Park

作　　者：申韩丽 郑昕 李俊鸿[5] 贾竞波[6] KHATTAK Romaan Hayat SHEN Hanli;ZHENG Xin;LEE Chunhung;JIA Jingbo;KHATTAK Romaan Hayat(College of Teacher Education,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Economics and Management,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Library of Northeast Forestry University,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;College of Economics and Management,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300,China;College of Environmental Studies and Oceanography,Dong Hwa University,Hualien,Taiwan 97401,China;College of Wildlife and Protected Area,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学教师教育学院,兰州730070 [2]东北林业大学经济管理学院,哈尔滨150040 [3]东北林业大学图书馆,哈尔滨150040 [4]塔里木大学经济管理学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [5]台湾东华大学环境暨海洋学院,中国台湾花莲97401 [6]东北林业大学野生动物与保护地学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2023年第2期331-343,共13页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：The Taiwan Science Council Special Research Grant(98-2621-M-002-012).

摘　　要：国家森林公园是当地居民和世界各地游客的重要生态旅游目的地。随着保护区域的增加,问题也随之而来。最重要的问题是保护和开发之间的矛盾。忽视保护的需求,仅仅满足游客的需求,过度开发正在使旅游资源受到不可逆转的破坏。因此,有必要对生态旅游资源进行价值评价,特别是非使用价值。刘公岛国家森林公园是一个位于中国山东省的滨海森林公园。旅游活动已经对公园的舒适性和价值产生了负面影响,并增加了管理和维护的成本。本研究旨在通过条件价值法(CVM)对生态旅游资源的非使用价值进行评估,提高人们对生态旅游资源的保护意识。本研究采用因素分析法提取生态旅游态度因子,通过聚类分析得到生态旅游市场细分,然后设计了实证评价模型,接着通过条件价值法的双界二元选择模型,对生态旅游资源的非使用价值进行估计,并探讨态度不同的群体之间非使用价值的差异。结果表明:(1)具有环保背景的游客倾向于为非使用价值支付更高的价格,而高收入游客愿意为利他价值支付更高的价格;(2)旅游者的WTP最高的是遗赠价值,其次是存在价值或利他价值,最后是选择价值;(3)多元关注群的支付意愿最高,其次是关注资源群,最后是关注环境群。该分析将为生态旅游的规划和管理提供有用的信息,以解决当前的问题和游客的需求。National forest parks are important ecotourism destinations for locals and out-of-town visitors worldwide.The increase in protected areas is accompanied by challenges.The major challenge is the tension between conservation and exploitation.However,over-exploitation is causing irreversible damage to tourism resources by neglecting to accelerate conservation and satisfying the needs of only tourists.Therefore,it is a prerequisite to evaluate the value of ecotourism resources,especially non-use values.Liugong Island National Forest Park is a seaside forest park in Shandong Province,China.Tourist activities have negatively impacted the amenity and values of the park and increased management and maintenance costs.This study aimed to enhance the protection awareness of ecotourism resources by evaluating non-use values with the contingent valuation method(CVM).Ecotourism attitude factors were extracted by factor analysis,and the ecotourism market was segmented by cluster analysis.Then,an empirical assessment model was designed.Furthermore,through a double-bounded dichotomous choice model of the CVM,non-use values of ecotourism resources were estimated,and differences in non-use values among the groups with different attitudes were discussed.The results indicated that(1)Tourists with conservation backgrounds tended to pay more for general non-use values,while high-income tourists were willing to pay more for the Altruistic value;(2)The willingness to pay(WTP)of tourists was highest for the Bequest value,followed by the Existence value or Altruistic value,and finally the Option value;(3)The WTP was highest for the group valuing pluralism,followed by the group concerning resources,and lowest for the group concerning the environment.This study can provide valuable information for ecotourism planning and management that corresponds to current issues and tourist needs.

关 键 词：非使用价值 生态旅游资源 支付意愿 条件评估法 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理] X322[经济管理—产业经济]