基于北斗短报文的低成本远海伪距差分定位方法  

Investigation on low-cost remote ocean pseudorange differential positioning with BeiDou short message service

作　　者：董蔺 姬生月[2] 王振杰[2] DONG Lin;JI Shengyue;WANG Zhenjie(Qingdao Jari Automation Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266061,China;University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛杰瑞自动化有限公司,山东青岛266061 [2]中国石油大学(华东),山东青岛266580

出　　处：《测绘通报》2023年第2期128-133,149,共7页Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42074028);地震动力学国家重点实验室资助(LED2018B03);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(18CX02064A)。

摘　　要：受通信距离限制,伪距差分定位技术多用于有无线通信网络的陆地地区或近海区域,在远海区域目前基本无法实现伪距差分。本文基于北斗短报文提出了空间相对定位技术与时间基线法相结合的新方法,实现了远海伪距差分定位技术,并探讨了伪距改正数据的简化和编码方法。根据实测海洋数据,测试了流动站距离参考站约1700 km的伪距差分定位性能。试验结果表明,其水平方向定位误差基本小于1 m;竖直方向基本小于2 m。由于北斗短报文的年通信费用目前仅约800元,因此本文方法可满足远海低成本伪距差分定位的需求。Due to limitations of communication distance, pseudorange differential positioning technique can only be used in most of land areas or inshore ocean areas and cannot be used in remote ocean regions as the traditional communication wireless network, such as Wi-Fi or GPRS are not available, while satellite communication is the only communication means and it is too expensive to be afforded by ordinary users. Short message service of BeiDou satellite navigation system is one feature and it becomes another choice for data transmission due to its cheap price. In this research, pseudorange differential positioning technique based on BeiDou short message service is investigated and a method combining space-relative and time-relative positioning techniques is proposed. The simplifying and encoding measures of transmission data related to pseudo-range corrections are also discussed. Finally, based on practical ocean GNSS observations, performance of pseudorange differential positioning technique is tested with a distance about 1700 km from the rover to the reference station. The numerical test results show that the positioning errors are basically within 1 meter in horizontal directions and 2 meters in vertical direction. As the annual communication fee is only about 800 Chinese Yuan, the proposed method in this research can meet ocean need of many applications.

关 键 词：远海 北斗短报文 伪距差分定位 低成本 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]