等离激元纳米孔用于单分子光学检测的研究进展  

Plasmonic Nanopores for Single-Molecule Optical Detection Applications

作　　者：王思媛 刘虹遥[1] 路鑫超[1] 黄成军[1,2] Wang Siyuan;Liu Hongyao;Lu Xinchao;Huang Chengjun(Health Electronics R&D Center,Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;School of Integrated Circuits,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院微电子研究所健康电子研发中心,北京100029 [2]中国科学院大学集成电路学院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国激光》2023年第1期164-175,共12页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：中国科学院科研装备研制项目(YJKYYQ20190056);北京市自然科学基金项目(4192063、4182073);广东省科技计划项目(2016A040403086);广州市科技计划项目(201604020005);清华大学环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室开放课题资助项目(18K07ESPCT)。

摘　　要：等离激元纳米孔将等离激元天线与固体纳米孔结合,可限制待测物路径,并将入射光能聚集至路径中产生热点,从而增强场与待测物质的相互作用,在纳米尺度范围内实现高灵敏度检测,近年来已被广泛应用于单分子检测研究。本文概述了几种典型等离激元纳米孔结构及其场增强效果;分析讨论了4种目前常用的基于等离激元纳米孔的高灵敏度检测技术及其特点,包括荧光检测、表面拉曼增强光谱、表面等离激元共振位移传感以及光电结合方法;综述了等离激元纳米孔在脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)、蛋白质、肽等单分子光学检测方面的应用进展及典型成果;讨论和展望了等离激元纳米孔的未来研究趋势以及面临的机遇和挑战。Significance Single-molecule detection promotes the development of biological research because it reveals details that remain concealed to ensemble measurements.However,the detection and analysis of single molecules confront great challenges.On the one hand,single molecules produce very weak signals,requiring extremely sensitive detection methods.On the other hand,the sizes of single molecules are mainly confined to the nanoscale and they move with the naturally random state.It is necessary to isolate the detected signal of the target molecule and exclude interferences from other molecules.Therefore,the development of single-molecule detection methods attracts considerable researchers attention.Nanopores provide a sensing volume comparable to the size of single molecules,which is conducive to realize single-molecule detection.Early nanopore-based sensors mainly depend on electrical measurements,single-molecule detection in nanopores using optical methods has recently emerged as an alternative approach.In this context,plasmonic nanopores have been proposed and extensively investigated.Plasmonic nanopores combine plasmonic nanoantennas with nanopores,which confine and enhance optical excitation near the nanopores,forming?hotspots?that have significant advantages for single-molecule sensing.First,the strong electromagnetic field enhances the interaction between the field and the single molecule in the hotspot,while reduces the noise generated by molecules at other locations.Second,the gradient electric field in the plasmonic nanopore attracts nearby molecules,increasing the molecular translocation time.Third,the refractive index distribution of the plasmonic nanopore directly affects the resonance conditions,which constitutes the molecular information in the hotspot.Therefore,plasmonic nanopores have been increasingly explored for single-molecule detection in recent years.With the development of single-molecule optical detection based on plasmonic nanopores,diverse plasmonic nanopore structures and measurement schem

关 键 词：表面光学 表面等离激元 纳米孔 光学检测 单分子检测 

分 类 号：O539[理学—等离子体物理] O439[理学—物理]