算法辅助行政的理论澄清与法治因应——以“健康码”赋码行为为例  

Theoretical Clarification and Legal Response of Algorithm- assisted Administration——Taking Health QR Code Granting Act as an Example

作　　者：俞家成 YU Jiacheng(School of Law,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学法学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《河南科技学院学报（社会科学版）》2022年第11期26-31,共6页Journal of Henan Institute of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“公共卫生立法比较研究”(20CFX016),主持人:沈思达;浙江工商大学研究生科研创新基金项目“内部行政行为可诉性判断模式的再构建”(20020070011),主持人:俞家成。

摘　　要：“健康码”机制作为算法辅助行政在突发公共卫生事件应对中发挥了重要作用,但赋码行为法律属性不清、相关制度缺位的问题影响“健康码”机制的稳定运行。由于规制属性欠缺,赋码行为当属行政事实行为,不是行政行为,也并非过程性行为,当前主张赋码行为系行政评级行为的理论存在无法界定结果申诉行为性质及无法支持救济渠道设计两项缺陷。为使“健康码”机制在法治化轨道上运作,应当认定赋码行为属于行政调查行为,将申诉行为视作相对人参与行政调查的社会合作规制行为,并在此基础上引入行政复核程序作为适用于算法辅助行政的独立救济渠道。As an algorithm-assisted administration, the health QR code mechanism has played an important role in the response to public health emergencies, while the indeterminate legal nature of the code granting act and the lack of relevant systems affect the stable operation of the health QR code mechanism.Due to the lack of regulatory attributes, the code granting act is factual administrative act, not administrative act, nor procedural act.The theory claims the code granting act is administrative rating act has two defects: unable to define the nature of the result appeal behavior and unable to support the design of remedy.In order to make the health QR code mechanism operate legally, the code granting act should be identified as administrative investigation act, and the result appeal behavior should be regarded as the social cooperation behavior in administrative investigation.The administrative review procedure should be introduced as the independent remedy for algorithm-assisted administration.

关 键 词：“健康码” 赋码行为 行政事实行为 行政调查 行政复核 

分 类 号：D912.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]