犹太流散文学中的共同体想象及其表征  

Community Imaginaries and Their Representations in Jewish Diaspora Literature

作　　者：翟乃海[1] Zhai Naihai(School of Foreign Languages,Shando Normal University,Jinan 250358,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2023年第1期43-54,共12页Foreign Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“流散文学与人类命运共同体研究”(21&ZD277)。

摘　　要：在历经千年的流散生活中,犹太作家对家园社区生活和共同体精神的书写和想象成为犹太流散文学的一大主题。犹太人在前现代时期通过《希伯来圣经》和《塔木德》等典籍实现了从圣殿崇拜到圣书崇拜的转化,建立起生生不息的精神共同体。19世纪至20世纪中期,回归故土的锡安主义运动成为鼓动犹太人的主要意识形态之一,作为民族国家共同体的以色列也成为重要的文学书写对象。20世纪后半叶,英美全球化和多元文化主义运动又激发犹太流散作家思考和想象跨民族的世界共同体。犹太流散文学中的共同体想象,固然重视对民族自我的建构,但犹太人的不断迁徙、与异族的杂居,却使其发展出鲜明的世界主义倾向,而这为理解人类命运共同体提供了有益的借鉴。During the thousands of years of diasporic life,the writing and imagining of home and community spirit by Jewish writers have become a major theme in Jewish diasporic literature.In the pre-modern period,Jews successfully went through the transformation from temple worship to holy book worship through the Hebrew Bible,Talmud,and other classics and established a perpetual spiritual community.From the 19th century to the mid-20th century,the Zionist movement that espoused a return to the Promised Land became one of the main motivational ideologies for Jews.As a nation-state community,therefore,Israel became an important subject or literary writing.In the second half of the 20th century,the globalization and the multicultural movement in UK and US inspired Jewish diaspora writers to think and imagine a transnational cosmopolitan community.The community imaginaries in Jewish diasporic literature maintain a focus on the construction of the national self,but the incessant migration of Jews and their cohabitation with other peoples have fostered a distinct inclination of cosmopolitanism in their literary representation,which provides a useful reference for our understaning of a community with a shared future.

关 键 词：犹太文学 流散 精神共同体 民族共同体 世界共同体 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]