生物絮团对中华绒螯蟹生长性能、免疫力、营养品质及养殖水体水质的影响  

Effects of Biofloc on the Growth Performance,Immunity,Nutritional and Water Quality of Eriocheir sinensis

作　　者：吴春[1] 王宣朋[1] 张高伟 王信海[1] WU Chun;WANG Xuanpeng;ZHANG Gaowei;WANG Xinhai(Suqian Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Suqian 223800,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《青岛农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期46-53,共8页Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Natural Science)

基　　金：宿迁市农业科技自主创新资金项目(SQCX202006,SQCX201906)。

摘　　要：为筛选中华绒螯蟹养殖池生物絮团的形成所需最适碳氮比r_(CN),设置4个不同试验组,分别为不添加葡萄糖(对照)和按碳氮比r_(CN)=10、r_(CN)=15、r_(CN)=20添加外源葡萄糖至中华绒螯蟹养殖池,养殖75 d,探讨不同r_(CN)条件下形成的生物絮团对中华绒螯蟹生长性能、免疫力、营养品质及养殖水体水质的影响。结果显示:适当r_(CN)条件下形成的生物絮团可有效调节水质,降低养殖水体中氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮含量;r_(CN)=15组中华绒螯蟹的增重率、特定生长率,以及肝胰腺和性腺组织中的粗蛋白质质量分数显著高于对照(P<0.05);当r_(CN)≥15时,形成的生物絮团可显著提高中华绒螯蟹血清中碱性磷酸酶、溶菌酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性(P<0.05)。研究表明,生物絮团可有效改善中华绒螯蟹生长性能、免疫力、营养品质及养殖水体水质,最适宜碳氮比为15。In order to screen the required optimal carbon and nitrogen ratio(r_(CN))of bioflocs formation in the Eriocheir sinensis pond,the effects of biofloc formed under different r_(CN)conditions on the growth performance,immunity,nutritional and water quality of Eriocheir sinensis were investigated.Four different experimental groups were set up,namely,the control group without adding glucose and the experimental groups adding exogenous glucose to the Eriocheir sinensis pond according to the carbon and nitrogen ratio r_(CN)10,r_(CN)15,r_(CN)20,and the experiment lasted for 75 days.The results showed that the bioflocs formed under proper r_(CN)conditions could effectively regulate water quality,reduce the content of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in aquaculture water.The weight gain rate,the specific growth rate,and the crude protein content of hepatopancreas and gonad in r_(CN)15 group were significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).When r_(CN)≥15,the bioflocs formed can significantly increase the activities of alkaline phosphatase,lysozyme and superoxide dismutase in the serum of Eriocheir sinensis(P<0.05).The findings indicate that biofloc can improve the growth performance,immunity,nutritional quality and water quality of Eriocheir sinensis,and the optimum r_(CN)is 15.

关 键 词：生物絮团 中华绒螯蟹 水质 生长性能 

分 类 号：S963.2[农业科学—水产养殖] S966.1[农业科学—水产科学]