郴州市近5年7—9月东风波暴雨特征的研究  

A Study on the Characteristics of East Wind Wave Heavy Rain in Chenzhou City from July to September in the Last Five Years

作　　者：杨湘婧 周宜卿 冷谦 宋楠 何静怡 饶波 Yang Xiang-jing(Chenzhou Meteorological Bureau,Chenzhou,Hunan 423000)

机构地区：[1]郴州市气象局,湖南郴州423000 [2]资兴市气象局,湖南资兴423400

出　　处：《农业灾害研究》2023年第1期124-126,共3页Journal of Agricultural Catastrophology

摘　　要：利用常规观测资料、NCEP 1°×1°间隔6 h再分析资料,分析郴州市2016—2020年7—9月东风波的暴雨分布特征及系统结构,对东风波按3种类型归类。得到以下结论:(1)影响郴州产生暴雨的东风波8月份出现最多,以深厚东风波为主,中低层东风波相对少见;东风随高度的变化对暴雨落区影响大,当东风随高度增加时,暴雨发生在东风波槽前东北气流中,当东风随高度变化不明显时,暴雨发生在东风波槽后东南气流中。深厚东风波槽线距离郴州在1~2个经距内极有可能产生暴雨过程,且槽前槽后均有可能出现暴雨;中低层东风波降水发生在槽后;高层东风波暴雨80%发生在槽前。(2)东风波造成天气以对流性降水为主,且常伴有雷暴大风天气,而中低层东风波造成的极大风速最大,强对流时段大多数集中在午后到傍晚和后半夜。深厚东风波可造成大范围、区域性、局地性暴雨过程,但大范围暴雨过程均由深厚东风波系统造成;高层东风波均造成局部性暴雨过程;而中低层东风波造成区域性暴雨过程。对三类东风波总结了天气概念模型。Using conventional observation data and NCEP 1°×1°interval 6 h reanalysis data, the distribution characteristics and system structure of easterly waves in Chenzhou City from July to September in 2016—2020 were statistically analyzed, and the easterly waves were classified into three types. The following conclusions were obtained:(1) The easterly wave that affects Chenzhou to produce heavy rain occurs the most in August, mainly the deep easterly wave, and the middle and low-level easterly wave was relatively rare. The change of the easterly wind with height had a great influence on the rainstorm area. When the easterly wind increases with the height, the rainstorm occurs in the northeast airflow before the easterly wave trough. The deep easterly wave trough line was within 1~2 meridian distances from Chenzhou, and a heavy rain process may occur, and heavy rain may occur before the trough and after the trough.The middle and lowlevel easterly wave precipitation occurs behind the trough;80% of the high-level easterly wave rainstorm occurs before the trough.(2) The weather caused by easterly waves was dominated by convective precipitation, often accompanied by thunderstorms and strong winds, while the extreme winds caused by easterly waves in the middle and low layers were the largest, and most of the strong convective periods are concentrated in the afternoon to evening and the second half of the night. Deep easterly wave can lead to large-scale, regional and local heavy rain processes, but large-scale rainstorm processes were all caused by deep easterly wave;high-level easterly wave causes localized heavy rain process;while middle and low-level easterly wave causes regional rainstorms process. The weather concept model was summarized for three types of easterly waves.

关 键 词：东风波 暴雨 特征研究 天气概念模型 

分 类 号：P458.121[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]