浙江省大气颗粒物PM_(2.5)化学组分污染特征分析  

Pollution Characteristics of PM_(2.5)Chemical Composition in Zhejiang Province

作　　者：周菁清 余磊 陈书鑫 陆佳锋 许亚璐 季海冰 张柳芳 刘劲松 王静 ZHOU Jing-qing;YU Lei;CHEN Shu-xin;LU Jia-feng;XU Ya-lu;JI Hai-bing;ZHANG Liu-fang;LIU Jin-song;WANG Jing(Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Ecological and Environmental Monitoring,Forewarning and Quality Control,Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省生态环境监测中心,浙江省生态环境监测预警及质控研究重点实验室,杭州310012

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第3期1297-1309,共13页Environmental Science

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目(2021C03176);浙江省生态环境科研和成果推广项目(2021HT0019,2021HT0020,2021HT0005)。

摘　　要：为探究浙江省城市大气颗粒物的组分污染特征,基于2019年10月1日至2020年9月30日浙江省内11个点位4个区域的手工采样监测数据,分析了浙江省PM_(2.5)组分不同区域不同季节的污染特征.结果表明,采样期内浙江省各地区ρ(PM_(2.5))平均值范围为34.3~46.4μg·m^(-3),其中浙西和浙北内陆地区PM_(2.5)浓度相对较高,分别高出均值15.1%和13.2%,浙东和浙南沿海地区PM_(2.5)浓度相对较低,分别低于均值8.4%和14.9%.季节性特征呈现秋季和冬季较高,夏季最低,空间分布来看,浙南地区的PM_(2.5)浓度春季、秋季和冬季季节变化不明显,浙西地区为:秋季>冬季>春季>夏季,浙北和浙东地区均呈现冬季>秋季>春季>夏季的季节变化特征.内陆地区采样期内,风景名胜区、行政区、居民区和商业交通居民混合区的ρ(PM_(2.5))分别为:(40.2±10.2)、(46.3±9.6)、(50.1±10.6)和(46.7±10.2)μg·m^(-3),居民区点位的PM_(2.5)污染水平均值最高.沿海地区采样期内,文化娱乐区和商业交通居民混合区的ρ(PM_(2.5))分别为:(27.4±5.8)μg·m^(-3)和(37.2±5.6)μg·m^(-3).采样期间浙江省PM_(2.5)组分中有机物(OM)、硝酸盐(NO_(3)^(-))、硫酸盐(SO_(4)^(2-))、铵盐(NH_(+)^(4))、微量元素和地壳物质贡献率分别为:26.4%、15.4%、12.4%、9.0%、7.1%和5.7%.二次无机气溶胶SNA(硫酸盐、硝酸盐和铵盐)贡献率达到36.8%.秋季、春季和夏季OM对PM_(2.5)的贡献高于其他组分,贡献率分别为28.3%、27.7%和26.3%,而冬季却表现为硝酸盐的贡献最为显著,贡献率达24.3%.空间分布上,SNA对各地区PM_(2.5)的贡献均最大,贡献率范围为32.8%~39.7%,浙北地区最高,浙南地区最低,各地区SNA,均呈现:硝酸盐>硫酸盐>铵盐.利用后向轨迹聚类分析发现,浙北地区秋季、冬季、春季和夏季主要气团来源分别为黄海江苏南部、安徽北部、东海和黄海江苏西部,贡献率分别为38.11%、35.28%、37.46%和27.87%.浙西地区秋季、�To investigate the seasonal and regional pollution characteristics of PM_(2.5)chemical composition in Zhejiang province,this study was based on manual sampling monitoring data from 11 sampling sites of four regions in Zhejiang province from October 1,2019 to September 30,2020.The results showed that during the observation period,the averageρ(PM_(2.5))of the four regions ranged from 34.3μg·m^(-3)to 46.4μg·m^(-3).The PM_(2.5)mass concentrations in the hinterland areas of western Zhejiang and northern Zhejiang were relatively high,15.1%and 13.2%higher than the mean value,respectively.The PM_(2.5)mass concentrations in the coastal areas of eastern Zhejiang and southern Zhejiang were relatively low,8.4%and 14.9%lower than the average,respectively.The seasonal characteristics showed a higher concentration in autumn and winter and lowest concentration in summer.The seasonal variation in PM_(2.5)mass concentration from autumn to spring was not obvious in southern Zhejiang,whereas in western Zhejiang,the PM_(2.5)mass concentration followed a descending sequence of autumn>winter>spring>summer.In northern Zhejiang and eastern Zhejiang,the trend was winter>autumn>spring>summer.During the observation period in the inland area,theρ(PM_(2.5))of the scenic area,administrative area,residential area,and mixed area of commercial traffic and residents were(40.2±10.2),(46.3±9.6),(50.1±10.6),and(46.7±10.2)μg·m^(-3),respectively.The highest value ofρ(PM_(2.5))was in the residential area.During the sampling period in coastal areas,theρ(PM_(2.5))of the cultural and entertainment area and mixed area of commercial traffic and residents were(27.4±5.8)μg·m^(-3)and(37.2±5.6)μg·m^(-3),respectively.The contribution rates of organic matter(OM),NO_(3)^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),NH_(+)^(4),trace elements,and crustal matter in PM_(2.5)were 26.4%,15.4%,12.4%,9.0%,7.1%,and 5.7%,respectively.The SNA,including SO_(4)^(2-),NO_(3)^(-),and NH_(+)^(4),contributed 36.8%in PM_(2.5).In terms of seasons,the contribution of OM to PM_(2.5)in autumn,spri

关 键 词：浙江省 PM_(2.5) 化学组分 后向轨迹 聚类分析 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]