石河子-昌吉地区地下水水质时空变化及污染源解析  

Spatial-temporal Variation in Groundwater Quality and the Contamination Source Analysis in Shihezi-Changji Area

作　　者：丁启振 周金龙[1,2,3] 季彦桢 杨方源 张淑霞 DING Qi-zhen;ZHOU Jin-long;JI Yan-zhen;YANG Fang-yuan;ZHANG Shu-xia(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Research Center,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Security and Water Disasters Prevention,Urumqi 830052,China;Geological Environment Monitoring Station of Changji Prefecture,Changji 831100,China;College of Mathematics and Physics,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆水文水资源工程技术研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆水利工程安全与水灾害防治重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [4]新疆昌吉州地质环境监测站,昌吉831100 [5]新疆农业大学数理学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第3期1440-1451,共12页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42007161)。

摘　　要：为了探明新疆石河子-昌吉地区地下水水质时空变化并解析污染源,综合运用基于香农熵的贝叶斯水质评价模型、Spearman秩相关系数、主成分分析和绝对主成分得分-多元线性回归受体模型(APCS-MLR)等方法,对23眼原位井2016~2021年逐年地下水水质数据进行分析.结果表明:(1)研究区多年地下水水质状况总体较好,潜水水质类别以Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类为主,承压水主要为Ⅰ类.(2)从时间看,2016年和2017年分别为潜水和承压水水质变化的关键时间节点,Ⅳ类和Ⅴ类水仅出现在节点之前,之后在Ⅰ~Ⅲ类水范围内波动.(3)从空间看,潜水水质优劣排序为:石河子市≈呼图壁县>玛纳斯县>昌吉市;承压水为:石河子市≈昌吉市>呼图壁县>玛纳斯县.(4)研究区多年地下水水质类别和主要水质指标在时空变化上基本对应,且异质性较强.(5)潜水水质主要受到溶滤作用(67.30%)、溶滤-迁移作用(10.89%)和农业-生活污染(9.44%)的影响,溶滤-富集作用(52.08%)、农业-生活污染(16.06%)和碱性环境的离子交换作用(12.64%)对承压水水质影响较大.尽管研究区多年水质状况整体呈改善趋势,但未来玛纳斯县北部149团的地下水盐化问题需重点关注.To analyze spatial-temporal variation in groundwater quality and contamination sources in the Shihezi-Changji area in Xinjiang,a Bayesian water quality evaluation model based on Shannon entropy,Spearman rank correlation coefficient,principal component analysis,and an absolute principal component scores-multiple linear regression receptor model(APCS-MLR)were comprehensively used in this study.Groundwater samples in 23 in-situ wells were collected from 2016 to 2021 for quality analysis.The results showed that(1)groundwater quality was generally good,with most samples having a phreatic water quality of ClassⅠand ClassⅡand most confined groundwater quality being of ClassⅠ.(2)Temporally,2016 and 2017 were the key time nodes of water quality variation in phreatic water and confined groundwater,respectively.ClassⅣand ClassⅤgroundwater was observed only before the key time nodes,whereas after those time nodes the groundwater quality fluctuated within ClassⅠto ClassⅢ.(3)Spatially,the order of phreatic water quality in descending order was Shihezi City,Hutubi county,Manas county,and Changji City,whereas that of confined groundwater quality was:Shihezi City and Changji City,Hutubi county,and Manas county.(4)The spatial-temporal variations in groundwater quality and that in major related indices were basically similar and highly heterogeneous.(5)Phreatic water quality was mainly affected by leaching(67.30%),leaching-migration(10.89%),and agricultural-domestic pollution(9.44%);by contrast,unconfined groundwater quality was mainly affected by leaching-enrichment(52.08%),agricultural-domestic pollution(16.06%),and ion exchange under an alkaline environment(12.64%).Although groundwater quality was improved over the years,more attention should be paid to groundwater salinization in the 149 Regiment in northern Manas County.

关 键 词：地下水 水质评价 贝叶斯水质模型 时空变化 主成分分析 绝对主成分得分-多元线性回归受体模型(APCS-MLR) 源解析 石河子-昌吉地区 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]