石家庄道路灰尘中全氟/多氟化合物及其新型替代品的污染特征及健康风险评估  

Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Emerging Alternatives in Road Dust,Shijiazhuang

作　　者：李鹏飞 王媛 杨晨[1] 史亚利 崔建升[1,4] LI Peng-fei;WANG Yuan;YANG Chen;SHI Ya-li;CUI Jian-sheng(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;School of Environment,Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China;Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050018,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院,石家庄050018 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]国科大杭州高等研究院环境学院,杭州310024 [4]河北省污染防治生物技术实验室,石家庄050018

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第3期1593-1601,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41907321,22176198);河北省自然科学基金项目(B2019208273);河北省高等学校青年拔尖人才项目(BJK2022042)。

摘　　要：为探究石家庄市道路灰尘中全氟/多氟化合物(PFASs)的污染特征,利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)分析主干和次干道路灰尘样品(部分采集于污水处理厂和消防站附近)中包括两类新型替代品在内的22种PFASs.结果表明,PFASs在石家庄道路灰尘中普遍存在,特别是新型替代品——六氟环氧丙烷二聚酸(HFPO-DA)的检出属国内首次.∑PFASs含量范围为2.62~137.65 ng·g^(-1),全氟辛酸(PFOA)为主要组分,其次为全氟丁酸(PFBA)、HFPO-DA和全氟辛基磺酸(PFOS).空间分布上,西北方向PFASs含量水平最高,东南方向最低.污水处理厂和消防站附近道路灰尘中PFASs组成存在明显不同,特别是新型替代品的检出类型.健康风险评估结果显示,道路灰尘摄入对于人体暴露PFASs和其新型替代品的风险相对较低.经口、呼吸道和皮肤接触3种途径中,经口摄入是目标化合物进入人体的主要途径.在同一暴露途径下,儿童的暴露量高于成人.Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs,n=22),including emerging alternatives,in dust samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)to study their pollution characteristics.These samples were collected from main and minor roads in Shijiazhuang.Some of the roads were located near sewage treatment plants and fire stations.The results showed that PFASs were ubiquitous in the road dust of Shijiazhuang;in particular,hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid(HFPO-DA),an alternative,was measured for the first time in China.The total concentrations of PFASs ranged from 2.62 to 137.65 ng·g^(-1).Perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA)was the dominant PFAS,followed by perfluorobutanoic acid(PFBA),HFPO-DA,and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid(PFOS).The highest and lowest levels of PFASs were observed in the northwest and southeast regions of Shijiazhuang,respectively.The compositions of PFASs were obviously different in road dust near sewage treatment plants and fire stations,especially for the types of emerging alternatives.Health risk assessment indicated that road dust intake had a low risk of human exposure to PFASs and emerging alternatives.Among the three routes(ingestion intake,inhalation intake,and dermal contact),ingestion intake was the main route for PFASs and emerging alternatives in road dust to enter the human body.Under the same exposure route,the exposure dose of children was higher than that of adults.

关 键 词：全氟/多氟化合物(PFASs) 新型替代品 道路灰尘 分布特征 风险评估 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]