基于叶绿体SSR分子标记的苦参种质资源遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Sophora flavescens Ait.Germplasm Resources Based on cpSSR Markers

作　　者：宋芸[1,2] 张鑫瑞 贺嘉欣 李政 孙哲 李澳旋 乔永刚 Song Yun;Zhang Xinrui;He Jiaxin;Li Zheng;Sun Zhe;Li Aoxuan;Qiao Yonggang(College of Life Sciences,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030801,Shanxi,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory for Modernization of TCVM,Jinzhong 030801,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学生命科学学院,山西晋中030801 [2]中兽医药现代化山西省重点实验室,山西晋中030801

出　　处：《作物杂志》2023年第1期30-37,共8页Crops

基　　金：山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(2021-11)。

摘　　要：以来自15个不同产地的150份苦参为材料,采用cpSSR分子标记技术探究不同产地苦参种质资源的遗传多样性。结果表明,18对cpSSR引物共扩增出311个条带,检测出97.47个等位基因,平均每对cpSSR引物扩增出17.28个条带。平均检测到的等位基因数(Na)为5.415,有效等位基因数(Ne)为4.395,Shannon's信息指数(I)为1.535,多样性指数(h)为0.748,无偏多样性指数(uh)为0.832,多态信息含量(PIC)为0.886,PIC>0.5说明18对cpSSR引物具有较高的多态性。不同产地的苦参遗传多样性丰富,其中山西武乡土河坪种质(THP)的I为1.600,Ne为4.786,其他遗传多样性指数均较大,是遗传多样性较丰富的苦参产地。居群分子方差分析(AMOVA)表明,苦参种质内个体间差异大,苦参种质内遗传变异率大于种质间的。聚类分析、主坐标分析(PCoA)和STRUCTURE软件进行的遗传结构分析结果均将不同产地的苦参分为2个类群,并且分类结果有明显的地理相关性。第1类群中的9个苦参种质主要来自山西、河北、陕西和内蒙古等地,第2类群主要来自山东、河南、江苏以及安徽等地。18对cpSSR引物在苦参内具有很好的适用性。苦参种质资源的遗传多样性研究为发掘、利用与保护苦参种质资源以及优良品种的选育提供一定的理论基础。A total of 150 Sophora flavescens plants from 15 different habitats were used as materials,and cpSSR molecular marker technology was used to explore the genetic diversity of S.flavescens germplasm resources from different habitats.The results showed that,a total of 311 bands were amplified by 18 pairs of cpSSR primers,and 97.47 alleles were detected,an average of 17.28 bands were amplified per cpSSR primer pair.The average number of alleles(N_(a))detected was 5.415,effective alleles(N_(e))was 4.395,Shannon's information index(I)was 1.535,the diversity index(h)was 0.748,the unbiased diversity index(uh)was 0.832,and the polymorphism information content(PIC)was 0.886,PIC>0.5 indicated that 18 pairs of cpSSR primers had good polymorphism.The genetic diversity of S.flavescens from different habitats was abundant,with the I was 1.600,the N_(e) was 4.786,and other genetic diversity indexes of THP germplasms in Wuxiang County of Shanxi Province were all higher,which indicated that THP was the place with rich genetic diversity.Analysis of Molecular Variance(AMOVA)showed that there were great differences among individuals within germplasms,and the genetic variation rate within germplasms was greater than that of inter germplasms.The results of cluster analysis,principal coordinate analysis(PCoA)and genetic structure analysis by STRUCTURE software divided S.flavescens from different habitats into two groups,and the classification results had obvious geographical correlation.The first group of nine S.flavescens germplasms were mainly from Shanxi,Hebei,Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia,and the second group were mainly composed of germplasms from Shandong,Henan,Jiangsu and Anhui.The 18 pairs of cpSSR primers had good applicability for S.flavescens.The genetic diversity of S.flavescens germplasm resources provided a certain theoretical basis for the exploration,utilization and protection and the breeding of excellent varieties of S.flavescens.

关 键 词：苦参 叶绿体分子标记 遗传多样性 种质资源 

分 类 号：S567.53[农业科学—中草药栽培]