硝铵氮源配比对谷子苗期生长及氮素利用的影响  

Effects of Nitrate Nitrogen and Ammonium Nitrogen Ratio on the Growth and Nitrogen Utilization of Millet Seedlings

作　　者：范端阳 尹美强[1] 温银元[1] 郭之瑶 温艳杰 王钰麒 孙敏[1,2] 高志强 Fan Duanyang;Yin Meiqiang;Wen Yinyuan;Guo Zhiyao;Wen Yanjie;Wang Yuqi;Sun Min;Gao Zhiqiang(College of Agronomy,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030801,Shanxi,China;Ministerial and Provincial Co-Innovation Centre for Endemic Crops Production with High-Quality and Effciency in Loess Plateau,Jinzhong 030801,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西晋中030801 [2]黄土高原特色作物优质高效生产省部共建协同创新中心,山西晋中030801

出　　处：《作物杂志》2023年第1期96-102,共7页Crops

基　　金：黄土高原特色作物优质高效生产省部共建协同创新中心自主研发项目(SBGJXTZX-31);山西农谷建设科研专项项目(SXNGJSKYZX201704)。

摘　　要：通过营养液浇灌盆栽试验,以晋谷21号为供试材料,基于总氮水平(5mmol/L)设置5个氮素形态配比,无氮素营养液处理作为对照,分析不同形态氮素配比对谷子幼苗生长、氮代谢关键酶活性及氮效率的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,施氮能显著促进谷子幼苗地上部和根系生长、氮代谢关键酶活性及氮素利用,且在硝铵比为50%:50%时达到最大;与单施一种氮源相比,硝铵氮源混施能显著促进谷子幼苗地下部生长和谷氨酸合成酶活性;与铵态氮占比在50%以上的处理相比,硝态氮占比在50%以上的处理更有利于促进谷子幼苗地上部生长、硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶活性及氮效率。隶属函数综合分析得出,氮源配施较单一氮源更有利于谷子幼苗的生长,且在硝铵比为50%:50%时效果最佳。The study was carried out by pot experiment and irrigating nutrient solution with“Jingu 21”as the experimental materials.The experiment set five nitrogen form ratios based on the total nitrogen level(5mmol/L),which used nitrogen-free nutrient solution treatment as control.The effects of different nitrogen forms on millet seedling growth,key enzyme activities of nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen efficiency were analyzed.The results showed that,compared with the control,nitrogen application could significantly promote the growth of shoots and roots,key enzyme activities of nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen utilization of millet seedlings,and reached the maximum in the ammonium nitrate ratio 50%:50%.Compared with single application of nitrogen source,applying nitrate and ammonium mixed nitrogen sources significantly increased the growth of root and GOGAT activity in millet seedlings.Compared with the treatment of ammonium nitrogen ratio above 50%,the treatment of nitrate nitrogen ratio above 50%was more beneficial to the growth of shoots,NR and GS activities,nitrogen efficiency of millet seedlings.Comprehensive analysis of membership function showed that,the mixed nitrogen source was more beneficial to the growth of millet seedlings than the single nitrogen source,and the effect was the best under the ammonium nitrate ratio 50%:50%.

关 键 词：谷子幼苗 氮素形态 氮代谢关键酶活性 氮素利用 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]