小鼠颈部异位心脏移植模型的初步探索  

Preliminary Exploration of Mouse Cervical Heterotopic Heart Transplantation Model

作　　者：刘一纬 杨鹏杰 魏起友[2] LIU Yiwei;YANG Pengjie;WEI Qiyou(Inner Mongolia Medical University,Inner Mongolia 010059,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学,呼和浩特010059 [2]内蒙古医科大学附属人民医院,呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《医学研究杂志》2023年第2期71-75,共5页Journal of Medical Research

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2019MS08117)。

摘　　要：目的探讨初学者使用袖套法建立小鼠颈部异位心脏移植模型的技术要点与难点。方法第1阶段选用C57BL/6小鼠随机分为供、受体,完成手术建模。术后供心复跳,小鼠活动正常,持续3天以上视为手术成功,3天内供心停跳或小鼠死亡视为手术失败,记录失败原因。第2阶段分为同系组(C57BL/6小鼠为供、受体)与模型组(BALB/c小鼠为供体、C57BL/6小鼠为受体),术后每天观察供心活动状态记录移植物存活时间(n=9);术后第7天移植心脏取材固定,HE染色,记录供心排斥反应病理分级(n=9)。结果第1阶段解决了麻醉意外、手术操作不当、血管套管外翻失败、供心结扎口出血、静脉连接处淤血、环境温度过低和术后感染等问题后成功建模;第2阶段模型组较同系组移植物生存期明显缩短(P<0.01),排斥反应病理分级显著升高(P<0.01),模型组移植物心肌细胞损伤、间质水肿、出血,大量炎性细胞浸润,呈中到重度急性排斥反应表现。结论使用袖套法建立小鼠颈部异位心脏移植模型,省去了血管吻合这一技术难点,大大降低手术难度,其中0.4mm×0.5mm、0.8mm×1.0mm套管的选用值得推广与学习。Objective To explore the technical points and difficulties of establishing a mouse cervical heterotopic heart transplantation model using the cuff method for beginners.Methods In the first stage,C57BL/6mice were randomly divided into donors and recipients,and the surgical model was completed.After the operation,the heart rebeated,and the mouse activity was normal for more than 3d as the operation was successful,and the mouse heart stopped beating or died within 3d as the operation failure,and the reason for the failure was recorded.In the second stage,the mice were divided into the syngeneic group(C57BL/6mice as donor and recipient)and the model group(BALB/c mice as donors and C57BL/6mice as recipient).The activity state of the donor heart was observed every day after operation and the survival time of the graft was recorded(n=9).On the 7th day after operation,the transplanted hearts were sampled and fixed,stained with hematoxylin-eosin,and the pathological grade of the donor heart rejection was recorded(n=9).Results In the first stage,the modeling was completed after solving the problems of anesthesia accident,improper operation,failure of vascular cannula eversion,bleeding at the ligation port of the donor heart,congestion at the venous junction,low ambient temperature and postoperative infection.In the second stage,the graft survival time of the model group was significantly shorter than that in the syngeneic group(P<0.01),and the pathological grade of rejection reaction in the model group was significantly higher than that in the homologous group(P<0.01).The model group showed graft myocardial cell injury,interstitial edema,hemorrhage,and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration,showing moderate to severe acute rejection.Conclusion This experiment starts from zero,summarizes experience and technical points,and successfully establishes an acute rejection model of allograft transplantation,which provides a complete idea for future generations to learn and is worthy of promotion.

关 键 词：心脏移植 同种异体移植 动物模型 cuff技术 

分 类 号：R617[医药卫生—外科学]